Multiple Body System Analysis Across the Lifespan: Difference between revisions
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* Difficulty in climbing stairs has been reported as a marker of functional decline that can lead to loss of independence | * Difficulty in climbing stairs has been reported as a marker of functional decline that can lead to loss of independence | ||
* Older adults often report difficulty with stair climbing, and it is reported as one of the top five most difficult tasks to perform. <ref>Gagliano-Jucá T, Li Z, Pencina KM, Traustadóttir T, Travison TG, Woodhouse L, Basaria S, Tsitouras PD, Harman SM, Bhasin S, Storer TW. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7984416/pdf/gerona_75_6_1167.pdf The Stair Climb Power Test as an Efficacy Outcome in Randomized Trials of Function Promoting Therapies in Older Men.] J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2020 May 22;75(6):1167-1175. </ref> | * Older adults often report difficulty with stair climbing, and it is reported as one of the top five most difficult tasks to perform. <ref>Gagliano-Jucá T, Li Z, Pencina KM, Traustadóttir T, Travison TG, Woodhouse L, Basaria S, Tsitouras PD, Harman SM, Bhasin S, Storer TW. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7984416/pdf/gerona_75_6_1167.pdf The Stair Climb Power Test as an Efficacy Outcome in Randomized Trials of Function Promoting Therapies in Older Men.] J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2020 May 22;75(6):1167-1175. </ref> | ||
* Ability to climb stairs can help to assess hip and knee strength and stability <ref>Kapoor E. Multiple Body System Analysis Across the Lifespan. Plus course 2024</ref> | * Ability to climb stairs can help to assess hip and knee strength and stability <ref name=":4">Kapoor E. Multiple Body System Analysis Across the Lifespan. Plus course 2024</ref> | ||
* "The use of stair-climbing speed as an assessment tool should include both stair ascent and descent, because differences in these speeds seem to be indicators of stair-climbing ability".<ref>Brodowski H, Andres N, Gumny M, Eicher C, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Tannen A, Kiselev J.[[/www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/abs/10.12968/ijtr.2020.0137|Reliability of stair-climbing speed in two cohorts of older adults.]]International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2021; 28(11):1-15. </ref> | * "The use of stair-climbing speed as an assessment tool should include both stair ascent and descent, because differences in these speeds seem to be indicators of stair-climbing ability".<ref>Brodowski H, Andres N, Gumny M, Eicher C, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Tannen A, Kiselev J.[[/www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/abs/10.12968/ijtr.2020.0137|Reliability of stair-climbing speed in two cohorts of older adults.]]International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2021; 28(11):1-15. </ref> | ||
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|Bone Mineral Density | |Bone Mineral Density | ||
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* Low bone mineral density (BMD)in early childhood is considered a greater risk for bone fractures.<ref name=":5">McVey MK, Geraghty AA, O'Brien EC, McKenna MJ, Kilbane MT, Crowley RK, Twomey PJ, McAuliffe FM. [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00431-019-03465-x The impact of diet, body composition, and physical activity on child bone mineral density at five years of age-findings from the ROLO Kids Study.] Eur J Pediatr. 2020 Jan;179(1):121-131.</ref> | |||
* Physical activity and calcium and vitamin D intake are interventions that improve BMD in older children.<ref name=":5" /> | |||
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* Deficiencies in calcium, vitamin D, and BMD are common in adults with coeliac disease.<ref name=":4" /> | |||
* Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and on long-term corticosteroids are more prone to having decreased BMD.<ref name=":4" /> | |||
* Patients with haemophilia or other bleeding disorders and patients who are on long-term anticoagulation present with a higher incidence of decreased BMD.<ref name=":4" /> | |||
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* Bone mineral density decreases with age.<ref>Padilla Colón CJ, Molina-Vicenty IL, Frontera-Rodríguez M, García-Ferré A, Rivera BP, Cintrón-Vélez G, Frontera-Rodríguez S. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6261527/pdf/nihms947379.pdf Muscle and Bone Mass Loss in the Elderly Population: Advances in diagnosis and treatment.] J Biomed (Syd). 2018;3:40-49.</ref> | |||
* "By the age of 80, it is estimated that 40% of the muscle mass present at age 20 is lost."<ref name=":6">Liu CK, Leng X, Hsu FC, et al. The impact of sarcopenia on a physical activity intervention: the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders Pilot Study (LIFE-P) J Nutr Health Aging. 2014;18(1):59–64.</ref> | |||
* Osteopenia is a condition associated with bone mass loss.<ref name=":6" /> | |||
* Osteopenia often progresses to osteoporosis. | |||
* Strength training can stimulate hypertrophy and increasing muscle strength to combat the loss of muscle mass.<ref>Johnston AP, De Lisio M, Parise G. Resistance training, sarcopenia, and the mitochondrial theory of aging. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2008 Feb;33(1):191-9. </ref> | |||
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|Core Stability | |Core Stability |
Revision as of 13:46, 23 March 2024
Original Editor - User Name
Top Contributors - Ewa Jaraczewska, Jess Bell and Kim Jackson
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Musculoskeletal System[edit | edit source]
The assessment of the functional capacity of the musculoskeletal system should be completed within the context of school, play, work, daily activities, and sport. Due to differences in the levels of reliability and validity for the functional tests, a combination of a questionnaire and a functional test appear to be the best instrument to assess functional capacity of the musculoskeletal system.[1] The following questionnairs are recommended:[1]
- the Oswestry Disability Index
- the Pain Disability Index
- the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire
- the Upper Extremity Functional Scale
Child/Adolescent | Adult | Geriatric | |
---|---|---|---|
Muscle strength
(Functional assessment to include sit to stand and stairs) |
-Climb the four stairs as quickly as possible without running -Stand still on the upper plateau -Use the handrail if necessary. |
1MMSTST: ranges from 8.1(patient with stroke), 24 (advanced lung disease)[5] to 50 (healthy male adult)[6] |
|
Flexibility/Range of motion
(spinal and chest wall mobility) |
Chest wall mobility: Age 3 through adulthood:
Chest wall mobility measurement for tidal volume excursion: [11]
3rd rib site: approximately 1/8th Xyphoid site: approximately 2/8th 1/2 distance site: 3/8th Chest wall measurement for vital capacity:[11]
Spinal mobility:
|
Chest wall mobility:
Spinal mobility: Measurement in the standing position using the inclinometer technique:[13]
|
Chest wall mobility:
Spinal mobility: Measurement as for adults.
|
Pain |
|
Functional Pain Scale (FPS) is a tool for the objective assessment of pain and its impact on sleep, ability to complete activities of daily living (ADLs), and concentration:[16]
|
|
Bone Mineral Density |
|
| |
Core Stability |
Neurological System[edit | edit source]
Integumentary System[edit | edit source]
Adequate skin and other connective tissue mobility is needed for free movement of the underlying structures to provide postural support and assure proper ventilation. If fascial restrictions are present, they may cause multiple impairments.
Gastrointestinal System[edit | edit source]
Cardiopulmonary System[edit | edit source]
Mental Health System[edit | edit source]
Resources[edit | edit source]
- bulleted list
- x
or
- numbered list
- x
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wind H, Gouttebarge V, Kuijer PP, Frings-Dresen MH. Assessment of functional capacity of the musculoskeletal system in the context of work, daily living, and sport: a systematic review. J Occup Rehabil. 2005 Jun;15(2):253-72.
- ↑ Falk B, Dotan R. Child-adult differences in the recovery from high-intensity exercise. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2006 Jul;34(3):107-12.
- ↑ Haile SR, Fühner T, Granacher U, Stocker J, Radtke T, Kriemler S. Reference values and validation of the 1-minute sit-to-stand test in healthy 5-16-year-old youth: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2021 May 7;11(5):e049143.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Schorling DC, Rawer R, Kuhlmann I, Müller C, Pechmann A, Kirschner J. Mechanographic analysis of the timed 4 stair climb test - methodology and reference data of healthy children and adolescents. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2023 Mar 1;23(1):4-25.
- ↑ Watson K, Winship P, Cavalheri V, Vicary C, Stray S, Bear N, Hill K. In adults with advanced lung disease, the 1-minute sit-to-stand test underestimates exertional desaturation compared with the 6-minute walk test: an observational study. J Physiother. 2023 Apr;69(2):108-113.
- ↑ Bohannon RW, Crouch R. 1-Minute Sit-to-Stand Test: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF PROCEDURES, PERFORMANCE, AND CLINIMETRIC PROPERTIES. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2019 Jan;39(1):2-8.
- ↑ Strassmann A, Steurer-Stey C, Lana KD, Zoller M, Turk AJ, Suter P, Puhan MA. Population-based reference values for the 1-min sit-to-stand test. Int J Public Health. 2013 Dec;58(6):949-53.
- ↑ Gagliano-Jucá T, Li Z, Pencina KM, Traustadóttir T, Travison TG, Woodhouse L, Basaria S, Tsitouras PD, Harman SM, Bhasin S, Storer TW. The Stair Climb Power Test as an Efficacy Outcome in Randomized Trials of Function Promoting Therapies in Older Men. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2020 May 22;75(6):1167-1175.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Kapoor E. Multiple Body System Analysis Across the Lifespan. Plus course 2024
- ↑ Brodowski H, Andres N, Gumny M, Eicher C, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Tannen A, Kiselev J.Reliability of stair-climbing speed in two cohorts of older adults.International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2021; 28(11):1-15.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Massery, M. "If You Can't Breathe, You Can't Function" continuing education class 20 hrs. 2008, Chicago, IL. USA www.MasseryPT.com
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Kondratek M, Krauss J, Stiller C, Olson R. Normative values for active lumbar range of motion in children. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2007 Fall;19(3):236-44.
- ↑ Waddell G, Somerville D, Henderson I, Newton M. Objective clinical evaluation of physical impairment in chronic low back pain. Spine 1992;17:617–28.
- ↑ Saidu IA, Maduagwu SM, Abbas AD, Adetunji OO, Jajere AM. Lumbar spinal mobility changes among adults with advancing age. J Midlife Health. 2011 Jul;2(2):65-71.
- ↑ Sansone L, Gentile C, Grasso EA, Di Ludovico A, La Bella S, Chiarelli F, Breda L. Pain Evaluation and Treatment in Children: A Practical Approach. Children (Basel). 2023 Jul 13;10(7):1212.
- ↑ Adeboye A, Hart R, Senapathi SH, Ali N, Holman L, Thomas HW. Assessment of Functional Pain Score by Comparing to Traditional Pain Scores. Cureus. 2021 Aug 3;13(8):e16847.
- ↑ BioPsychoSocial Assessment Tools for the Elderly - Assessment Summary Sheet. Available from https://instruct.uwo.ca/kinesiology/9641/Assessments/Biological/FPS.html [last access 22.03.2024]
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 McVey MK, Geraghty AA, O'Brien EC, McKenna MJ, Kilbane MT, Crowley RK, Twomey PJ, McAuliffe FM. The impact of diet, body composition, and physical activity on child bone mineral density at five years of age-findings from the ROLO Kids Study. Eur J Pediatr. 2020 Jan;179(1):121-131.
- ↑ Padilla Colón CJ, Molina-Vicenty IL, Frontera-Rodríguez M, García-Ferré A, Rivera BP, Cintrón-Vélez G, Frontera-Rodríguez S. Muscle and Bone Mass Loss in the Elderly Population: Advances in diagnosis and treatment. J Biomed (Syd). 2018;3:40-49.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 Liu CK, Leng X, Hsu FC, et al. The impact of sarcopenia on a physical activity intervention: the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders Pilot Study (LIFE-P) J Nutr Health Aging. 2014;18(1):59–64.
- ↑ Johnston AP, De Lisio M, Parise G. Resistance training, sarcopenia, and the mitochondrial theory of aging. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2008 Feb;33(1):191-9.