Peroneus Tertius: Difference between revisions
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
[[File:Peroneus tertius.png|thumb| | [[File:Peroneus tertius.png|thumb|Fibularis tertius muscle]] | ||
The Peroneus Tertius muscle also called | The Peroneus Tertius muscle, also called Fibularis Tertius, is one of the 3 fibularis muscles ([[Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus Muscle|fibularis longus]], [[Peroneus Brevis|Fibularis Brevis]]).<ref name=":0">Lippert, Lynn S. Clinical Kinesiology and Anatomy. 5th ed. Philadelphia: F A Davis Company; 2016.</ref> It is the most superficial muscle in the anterior compartment of leg. Other muscles in the anterior compartment include [[Tibialis Anterior|tibialis anterior]], [[Extensor Hallucis Longus|extensor hallucis longus]] and [[Extensor Digitorum Longus]]<ref name=":3">Chaurasia BD. [https://www.pdfdrive.com/bd-chaurasia-books.html Human Anatomy Regional and Applied Dissection and Clinical.] Vol 2. CBS Publishers and Distributors Pvt Ltd, 2010</ref> | ||
The muscle's presence varies depending on the population studied. Prevalence in different populations has been reported to be the following<ref name=":4" />: | |||
* Asian populations: 38.5%-95.5% | |||
* West Asian populations: 38.5%-42% | |||
* India: 87-90% | |||
* China: 89.3% | |||
* Japan: 95.5% | |||
* Egypt: 52.8% | |||
* Tunisia: 67.7% | |||
* Chile: 49.1% | |||
* Brazil: 93.8% | |||
* Bolivia: 100% | |||
* Spain: 38.2% | |||
* Belgium: 81.5% | |||
* Britain: 92.7% | |||
* France: 90.9% | |||
* Austria: 92.9% | |||
* Poland: 85.8% | |||
== Anatomy == | |||
=== Origin === | === Origin === | ||
Distal half or third of the [[fibula]] | Distal half or third of the [[fibula]]<ref name=":2">Witvrouw E, Vanden Borre K, Willems TM, Huysmans J, Broos E, De Clercq D. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5449999/ The significance of peroneus tertius muscle in ankle injuries: a prospective study. The American journal of sports medicine.] 2006 Jul;34(7):1159-63.</ref> | ||
Intermuscular septum<ref name=":4">Olewnik Ł. Fibularis Tertius: Anatomical Study and Review of the Literature. Clin Anat. 2019 Nov;32(8):1082-1093.</ref> | |||
=== Insertion === | === Insertion === | ||
Before reaching it's insertion, the tendon passes under the extensor retinaculum of the foot with the [[Extensor Digitorum Longus]] tendon<ref name=":4" />. | |||
Dorsal surface of the base of the [[Metatarsals|5th metatarsal]]<ref name=":2" /> | |||
{{#ev:youtube|n6XWHKJg2OY}}<ref>Nabil Ebraheim. Peroneus Tertius Muscle- Everything You Need To Know-Dr.Nabil Ebraheim Available from:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n6XWHKJg2OY [last accessed 11/05/2020]</ref> | {{#ev:youtube|n6XWHKJg2OY}}<ref>Nabil Ebraheim. Peroneus Tertius Muscle- Everything You Need To Know-Dr.Nabil Ebraheim Available from:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n6XWHKJg2OY [last accessed 11/05/2020]</ref> | ||
=== Nerve === | === Nerve === | ||
Deep peroneal nerve | Deep peroneal nerve<ref name=":0" /> | ||
=== Artery === | === Artery === | ||
Anterior | Anterior tibial artery<ref name=":3" /> | ||
=== Function === | === Function === | ||
* Assists with foot dorsiflexion and eversion<ref name=":2" /> | |||
* Works with extensor digitorum longus during swing phase of gait<ref name=":4" /> | |||
== Clinical relevance == | == Clinical relevance == | ||
The strength of eversion and dorsiflexion is not compromised in people who lack the | The strength of eversion and dorsiflexion is not compromised in people who lack the Fibularis Tertius muscle. Fibularis Tertius seems to not provide higher protection against ankle ligamentous injury.<ref name=":1">Witvrouw E, Vanden Borre K, Willems TM, Huysmans J, Broos E, De Clercq D. The significance of peroneus tertius muscle in ankle injuries: a prospective study. The American journal of sports medicine. 2006 Jul;34(7):1159-63.</ref> | ||
Fibularis Tertius Syndrome is a condition characterized by catching, clicking, locking or popping of peroneus tertius tendon over ankle during walking. It is a rare condition of anterolateral ankle pain or rear foot pain. This could be secondary to impingement and constriction of peroneus tertius in the extensor retinaculum.<ref name=":3" /> | |||
Fibularis tertius may be affected when a person has [[Compartment Syndrome of the Lower Leg|anterior compartment syndrome]].<ref name=":3" /> | |||
The tendon may be used by surgeons as a donor for tendon transfer or tendoplasty procedures<ref name=":4" />. | |||
== Assessment == | |||
Active motion or resisted motion for manual muscle testing involves combined ankle dorsiflexion and eversion. | |||
{{#ev:youtube|DDGDaKAmbc8|300}}<ref>Ashley Reed. Peroneus Longus, Brevis, & Tertius - Reisch. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DDGDaKAmbc8 [last accessed 23/3/2022]</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== |
Latest revision as of 17:22, 21 April 2023
Top Contributors - Sai Kripa, Kim Jackson, Patti Cavaleri, Claire Testa, Lilian Ashraf and Oyemi Sillo
Description[edit | edit source]
The Peroneus Tertius muscle, also called Fibularis Tertius, is one of the 3 fibularis muscles (fibularis longus, Fibularis Brevis).[1] It is the most superficial muscle in the anterior compartment of leg. Other muscles in the anterior compartment include tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus and Extensor Digitorum Longus[2]
The muscle's presence varies depending on the population studied. Prevalence in different populations has been reported to be the following[3]:
- Asian populations: 38.5%-95.5%
- West Asian populations: 38.5%-42%
- India: 87-90%
- China: 89.3%
- Japan: 95.5%
- Egypt: 52.8%
- Tunisia: 67.7%
- Chile: 49.1%
- Brazil: 93.8%
- Bolivia: 100%
- Spain: 38.2%
- Belgium: 81.5%
- Britain: 92.7%
- France: 90.9%
- Austria: 92.9%
- Poland: 85.8%
Anatomy[edit | edit source]
Origin[edit | edit source]
Distal half or third of the fibula[4]
Intermuscular septum[3]
Insertion[edit | edit source]
Before reaching it's insertion, the tendon passes under the extensor retinaculum of the foot with the Extensor Digitorum Longus tendon[3].
Dorsal surface of the base of the 5th metatarsal[4]
Nerve[edit | edit source]
Deep peroneal nerve[1]
Artery[edit | edit source]
Anterior tibial artery[2]
Function[edit | edit source]
- Assists with foot dorsiflexion and eversion[4]
- Works with extensor digitorum longus during swing phase of gait[3]
Clinical relevance[edit | edit source]
The strength of eversion and dorsiflexion is not compromised in people who lack the Fibularis Tertius muscle. Fibularis Tertius seems to not provide higher protection against ankle ligamentous injury.[6]
Fibularis Tertius Syndrome is a condition characterized by catching, clicking, locking or popping of peroneus tertius tendon over ankle during walking. It is a rare condition of anterolateral ankle pain or rear foot pain. This could be secondary to impingement and constriction of peroneus tertius in the extensor retinaculum.[2]
Fibularis tertius may be affected when a person has anterior compartment syndrome.[2]
The tendon may be used by surgeons as a donor for tendon transfer or tendoplasty procedures[3].
Assessment[edit | edit source]
Active motion or resisted motion for manual muscle testing involves combined ankle dorsiflexion and eversion.
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lippert, Lynn S. Clinical Kinesiology and Anatomy. 5th ed. Philadelphia: F A Davis Company; 2016.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Chaurasia BD. Human Anatomy Regional and Applied Dissection and Clinical. Vol 2. CBS Publishers and Distributors Pvt Ltd, 2010
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Olewnik Ł. Fibularis Tertius: Anatomical Study and Review of the Literature. Clin Anat. 2019 Nov;32(8):1082-1093.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Witvrouw E, Vanden Borre K, Willems TM, Huysmans J, Broos E, De Clercq D. The significance of peroneus tertius muscle in ankle injuries: a prospective study. The American journal of sports medicine. 2006 Jul;34(7):1159-63.
- ↑ Nabil Ebraheim. Peroneus Tertius Muscle- Everything You Need To Know-Dr.Nabil Ebraheim Available from:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n6XWHKJg2OY [last accessed 11/05/2020]
- ↑ Witvrouw E, Vanden Borre K, Willems TM, Huysmans J, Broos E, De Clercq D. The significance of peroneus tertius muscle in ankle injuries: a prospective study. The American journal of sports medicine. 2006 Jul;34(7):1159-63.
- ↑ Ashley Reed. Peroneus Longus, Brevis, & Tertius - Reisch. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DDGDaKAmbc8 [last accessed 23/3/2022]