Vertical Jump Test
Introduction
The vertical jump test, also called the Sargent Test, was developed by Dr. Dudley Allen Sargent (1849-1924).[1] The vertical jump is often used as a performance test to assess athletic ability, identify athletes' strengths and weaknesses, and measure the effectiveness of training programs.[2] It is also used to measure physical fitness levels in various groups, including children, the elderly, non-athletes, and individuals recovering from injury.[3]
Purpose
The vertical jump test is a standard test primarily used to measure athletic performances in athletes who play volleyball, basketball, and high jumps. It is also used to measure the muscle power of the leg and to assess muscular strength and aerobic power. [4][5]
Technique
- A 10-minute warm-up will greatly influence the positive outcome of the test.
- The athlete chalks the end of his/her fingertips.
- The athlete stands side onto the wall, keeping both feet on the ground, reaches up as high as possible with one hand, and marks the wall with the tips of the fingers (M1).
- The athlete from a static position jumps as high as possible and marks the wall with the chalk on his fingers (M2).
- The assistant measures and records the distance between M1 and M2.
- The athlete repeats the test 3 times.
- The assistant calculates the average of the recorded distances and uses this value to assess the athlete’s performance.
Scoring
The vertical Jump test measures the difference between the initial and final achievements of vertical jumping.[4]
| Category | Gender | Excellent | Above Average | Average | Below Average | Poor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| World class athlete | Male | >81.3cm | 71.0 - 81.3 (cm) | 60.9 -70.9 (cm) | 50.8 - 60.8 (cm) | <50.8 (cm) |
| World-class athlete | Female | >71.1cm | 60.9 - 71.1 (cm) | 50.8 - 60.8 (cm) | 40.6 - 50.7 (cm) | <40.6 (cm) |
| 16 to 19-years olds | Male | >65cm | 50 - 65 (cm) | 40 - 49 (cm) | 30 - 39 (cm) | <30cm |
| 16 to 19-years olds | Female | >58cm | 47 - 58 (cm) | 36 - 46 (cm) | 26 - 35 (cm) | <26cm |
| 15 to 16-years olds | Male | >65cm | 56 - 65 (cm) | 50 - 55 (cm) | 49 - 40 (cm) | <40vm |
| 15 t0 16-years olds | Female | >60cm | 51 - 60 (cm) | 41 - 50 (cm) | 35 - 40 (cm) | <35cm |
| 20+ Athletes | Male | >70cm | 56 - 70 (cm) | 41 - 55 (cm) | 31 - 40 (cm) | <30cm |
| 20+ Athletes | Female | >60cm | 46 - 60 (cm) | 31 - 45 (cm) | 21 - 30 (cm) | <20cm |
Power Score
The Power score is obtained using the Power tests, which measure the leg's muscular power. The Vertical Jump test is a widely used instrument for assessing leg muscle power. Formulas have been developed to estimate the power, and the Lewis Nomogram formula is often applied, considering factors like body weight and gravity to determine an individual's vertical jump performance.
Where:
Average Power (Watts) = √4.9 x bodymass (kg) x √verticalJump (m) x 9.81. [4]
References
- ↑ Ogan M, Ozturk D, Ozturk M, Buzdağlı Y, Sajedi H. Physical And Physiological Parameters Evaluation Of Sport Science Students. The Swedish Journal of Scientific Research. 2015;2(8):73.
- ↑ McLellan CP, Lovell DI, Gass GC. The role of rate of force development on vertical jump performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2011 Feb 1;25(2):379-85.
- ↑ Yingling VR, Castro DA, Duong JT, Malpartida FJ, Usher JR, Jenny O. The reliability of vertical jump tests between the Vertec and My Jump phone application. PeerJ. 2018 Apr 20;6:e4669.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Prabowo A, Ihsan N, Barlian E, Welis W. Development of digital based vertical jump test instruments. InJournal of Physics: Conference Series 2020 Mar 1 (Vol. 1481, No. 1, p. 012029). IOP Publishing.
- ↑ Sattler T, Sekulic D, Hadzic V, Uljevic O, Dervisevic E. Vertical jumping tests in volleyball: reliability, validity, and playing-position specifics. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2012 Jun 1;26(6):1532-8.
- ↑ MACKENZIE, B. (2007) Sargent Jump Test