Goniometry: Shoulder Internal & External Rotation

Anatomical Movement

Shoulder internal rotation (IR)

Shoulder external rotation (ER)

Testing position

Patient is supine with the shoulder abducted to 90 degrees and the length of the humerus on the test side is supported on the plinth

Forearm is in neutral position

Goniometer Placement

AXIS LOCATION	STATIONARY ARM	MOVEMENT ARM
olecranon process of the ulna	perpendicular to the floor (vertical)	in line with the ulnar side of the forearm from the axis point to the ulnar styloid process

Expected Findings

Expected range of motion for IR is 0- 70 degrees.

Expected range of motion for ER is 0- 90 degrees