Goniometry: Finger Metacarpophalangeal Joint Extension

Original Editor - Donald John Auson Top Contributors - Mohamed A Hassanin and Donald John Auson

Introduction

The metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints of the fingers are composed of the convex distal end of each metacarpal and the concave base of each proximal phalanx. The MCP joints are biaxial condyloid joints that have 2 degrees of freedom, allowing flexion-extension in the sagittal plane and abduction-adduction in the frontal plane. Abduction-adduction is possible with the MCP joints positioned in extension.

Anatomical Movement

Finger metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint extension.

Metacarpal-Phalangeal Flexion Extension of all fingers of the hand except thumb.

Testing Position

Patient is sitting with forearm and hands supported, forearm in mid position, wrist neutral and MCP joint in neutral position.

Goniometer Placement

AXIS LOCATION	STATIONARY ARM	MOVEMENT ARM
Dorsal aspect of MCP joint	Dorsal midline of the metacarpal	Dorsal midline of the proximal phalanx

Metacarpophalangeal joint goniometer placement.

Normal End-Feel

Firm

Expected Findings

Expected range of motion is 45 degrees.