What Is Global Health
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Introduction[edit | edit source]
The rise to prominence of the term “global health” has occurred in parallel with the popularization of globalization, an enhanced awareness of common vulnerabilities, and a feeling of increased shared responsibility for inequalities present in the world today [1]. With the increase in Worldwide Trade, Tourism and Migration the movement of people around the world continues to grow day by day. Disease does not respect boundaries.
The concept of Global Health has been defined in various ways. Koplan et al (2009) called for adaoption of a common definition and put forward the following working definition, “an area for study, research and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide. Global health emphasises transna. tional health issues, determinants and solutions; involves many disciplines within and beyond the health sciences and promotes inter-disciplinary collaboration; and is a synthesis of population-based prevention with individual-level clinical care.” [2] Beaglehole and Bonita (2010) went further to define Global Health as, “collaborative trans-national research and action for promoting health for all, emphasising the critical need for collaboration.” [3]
Despite the ongoing growth in the field of Global Health there continues be no no widely agreed definition of the term, and often continues to be used interchanably with other terms such as Public Health and International Health. Firstly what is health? In the simplest of terms it is a state of "not being sick". The World Health Organisation defines Health as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” But, what do we mean by "Global Health," as opposed to "Public Health" or "International Health?" Koplan et al (2009) examines the areas of overlap between these three health disciplines identifying the key characteritics of each and attempts to draw out the primary distinctions between these three terms, the summary of which is represented in the table below:
see: Timeline of Global Health
Summary [edit | edit source]
Global health as such implies a global perspective on public health problems, suggesting issues that are common across the world and working collaboratively to try and address and manage these issues.
Global health actions may be in response to some of the world's major health burdens such non-communicable disease (cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancers and chronic respiratory diseases) or injury which occur in various magnitudes across many countries, regardless of level of development. [5] [6] [7] [8]
Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
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- ↑ Macfarlane, S.B., Jacobs, M., & Kaaya E.E. (2008). In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions. Journal of Public Health Policy, 29(4),383-401.
- ↑ Koplan JP, Bond T, Merson M, Reddy K, Rodriguez M, Sewankambo N. Towards a common definition of global health. Lancet. 2009;373(9679):1993–5.
- ↑ Beaglehole R, Bonita R. What is global health? Glob Health Action. 2010; 3: 10.3402/gha.v3i0.5142.fckLRPublished online 2010 Apr 6.
- ↑ North Western Medicine Center for Global Health. What is Global Health?. http://globalhealth.northwestern.edu/about/what_is.html (accessed 2 November 2016).
- ↑ Beaglehole R, Ebrahim S, Reddy S, VoÛte J, Leeder S, on behalf of the Chronic Disease Action Group. Prevention of chronic diseases: a call to action.fckLRLancet. 2007; 370: 2152–57.
- ↑ Geneau R, Stuckler D, Stachenko S, McKee M, Ebrahim S, Basu S, Chockalingham A, Mwatsama M,fckLRJamal R, Alwan A, Beaglehole R. Raising the priority of preventing chronic diseases: a political process. Lancet. 2010; 376: 1689–98.
- ↑ Noncommunicable diseases factsheet. World Health Organization. Available at http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs355/en. Last accessed 01/05/2016.
- ↑ Global Health Division. What is the definition of global health? Accessible at http://www.physioghd.com/about-us/definitionofglobalhealth. Last accessed 01/05/2016.
