Waddell Sign: Difference between revisions
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'''Original Editor '''- [[User:Acolonolivieri|Ana Colón-Olivieri]] | '''Original Editor '''- [[User:Acolonolivieri|Ana Colón-Olivieri]] | ||
'''Lead Editors''' - Your name will be added here if you are a lead editor on this page. [[Physiopedia:Editors|Read more.]] | '''Lead Editors''' - Your name will be added here if you are a lead editor on this page. [[Physiopedia:Editors|Read more.]] | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
== Purpose<br> | == Purpose<br> == | ||
Waddell's signs were developed to identify psychogenic, or nonorganic, manifestations of pain in patients that may have heightened emotional effects on their conditions. In order for these signs to be significantly correlated with disability, three of the five signs should be present.<ref name="Dutton">Dutton, M. (2008). Orthopaedic: Examination, evaluation, and intervention (2nd ed.). New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc</ref> | Waddell's signs were developed to identify psychogenic, or nonorganic, manifestations of pain in patients that may have heightened emotional effects on their conditions. In order for these signs to be significantly correlated with disability, three of the five signs should be present.<ref name="Dutton">Dutton, M. (2008). Orthopaedic: Examination, evaluation, and intervention (2nd ed.). New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc</ref> | ||
== Technique<br> | == Technique<br> == | ||
#Non-anatomical, widespread, referring tenderness in response to light touch. Simulation tests | #Non-anatomical, widespread, referring tenderness in response to light touch. Simulation tests | ||
#*Axial loading of the spine applying light pressure through the head | #*Axial loading of the spine applying light pressure through the head | ||
#*With the patient in standing, passive hip and shoulder rotation | #*With the patient in standing, passive hip and shoulder rotation | ||
#Distraction test - test a positive finding on a distracted patient | #Distraction test - test a positive finding on a distracted patient | ||
#*example: If pain is found in testing hip flexion, observe the patient in tying his shoes | #*example: If pain is found in testing hip flexion, observe the patient in tying his shoes | ||
#Regional disturbances – experiencing sensory or motor disturbances that are lacking in neurologic basis | #Regional disturbances – experiencing sensory or motor disturbances that are lacking in neurologic basis | ||
#Overreaction during examination (tension, grimacing, verbalization, tremors, etc.)<ref name="Waddell">Waddell, G., McCulloch, J.A., Kummel, E., Venner, R.M. (1980). Nonorganic Physical Signs in Low-Back Pain. Spine, 5(2), 117-125.</ref> | #Overreaction during examination (tension, grimacing, verbalization, tremors, etc.)<ref name="Waddell">Waddell, G., McCulloch, J.A., Kummel, E., Venner, R.M. (1980). Nonorganic Physical Signs in Low-Back Pain. Spine, 5(2), 117-125.</ref> | ||
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Provide the evidence for this technique here | Provide the evidence for this technique here | ||
== Resources<br> | == Resources<br> == | ||
<div class="researchbox"> | <div class="researchbox"> | ||
== Recent Related Research (from [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ Pubmed]) == | == Recent Related Research (from [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ Pubmed]) == | ||
<rss>http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/erss.cgi?rss_guid=1HkK4H6_H1Z8BXHNCQmp_7JsVUHgzZBWfgjVZ0ZY0yXiSYA5C|charset=UTF-8|short|max=10</rss> | <rss>http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/erss.cgi?rss_guid=1HkK4H6_H1Z8BXHNCQmp_7JsVUHgzZBWfgjVZ0ZY0yXiSYA5C|charset=UTF-8|short|max=10</rss> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
References will automatically be added here, see [[Adding References|adding references tutorial]]. | References will automatically be added here, see [[Adding References|adding references tutorial]]. | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Articles]] [[Category:Assessment]] [[Category:Special_Tests]] | [[Category:Articles]] [[Category:Assessment]] [[Category:Special_Tests]] | ||
Revision as of 16:15, 3 July 2009
Original Editor - Ana Colón-Olivieri
Lead Editors - Your name will be added here if you are a lead editor on this page. Read more.
Purpose
[edit | edit source]
Waddell's signs were developed to identify psychogenic, or nonorganic, manifestations of pain in patients that may have heightened emotional effects on their conditions. In order for these signs to be significantly correlated with disability, three of the five signs should be present.[1]
Technique
[edit | edit source]
- Non-anatomical, widespread, referring tenderness in response to light touch. Simulation tests
- Axial loading of the spine applying light pressure through the head
- With the patient in standing, passive hip and shoulder rotation
- Distraction test - test a positive finding on a distracted patient
- example: If pain is found in testing hip flexion, observe the patient in tying his shoes
- Regional disturbances – experiencing sensory or motor disturbances that are lacking in neurologic basis
- Overreaction during examination (tension, grimacing, verbalization, tremors, etc.)[2]
Evidence[edit | edit source]
Provide the evidence for this technique here
Resources
[edit | edit source]
Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
Failed to load RSS feed from http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/erss.cgi?rss_guid=1HkK4H6_H1Z8BXHNCQmp_7JsVUHgzZBWfgjVZ0ZY0yXiSYA5C|charset=UTF-8|short|max=10: Error parsing XML for RSS
References[edit | edit source]
References will automatically be added here, see adding references tutorial.
