View source for Stress tests for Ankle ligaments

== Introduction  ==

Ankle sprains are one of the most common musculoskeletal and sports-related injuries, constituting nearly 25% of all musculoskeletal trauma cases and almost 40% of all sports-related trauma cases.<ref name="Aslan">Aslan A, Sofu H, Kirdemir V. Ankle Ligament Injury: Current concept. OA Orthopaedics. 2014 March 11; 2(1):5</ref>&nbsp;40%-50% of these case have reported to have long term residual symptoms with almost 20% of acute ankle sprains developing [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Chronic_Ankle_Instability chronic ankle instability].&nbsp;<ref name="Chan">Chan KE. Acute and Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability in the Athlete. Bulletin of the NYU hospital for joint diseases. 2011;69(1):17-26</ref>&nbsp;Individuals with chronic instability often report recurrent [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Ankle_Sprain sprains] and 'giving-way' sensation at the ankle joint, a condition clinical referred to as Functional Ankle Instability (FAI).&nbsp;<ref name="Ross">Ross SE, Guskiewicz KM, Gross MT. Assessment tools for identifying functional limitations associated with functional ankle instability. Journal of athletic training. 2008 Feb;43(1):44-50.</ref>&nbsp;Several clinical tests can be used to assess FAI and the respective ligament involved in the acute [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Ankle_Sprain sprain] or [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Chronic_Ankle_Instability chronic instability].