Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Difference between revisions
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== Medications == | == Medications == | ||
Treatment for infertility may include the following for inducing ovulation: | |||
*Weight loss<ref name="callahan" /> | |||
*Clomiphene citrate<ref name="callahan" /> | |||
*Corticosteroids<ref name="callahan" /> | |||
*Metaformin increases spontaneous ovulation for women with insulin resistance/increased insulin production<ref name="callahan" /> | |||
Treatment for those not interested in conceiving a child may include: | |||
*Weight loss<ref name="callahan" /> | |||
*Depo-Provera injections to decrease endometrial hyperplasia<ref name="callahan" /> | |||
*Oral progestin<ref name="merck" /> | |||
*Oral combination contraceptive containing estrogen and progestin<ref name="merck" /> | |||
== Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values == | == Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values == | ||
Revision as of 21:32, 7 March 2010
Original Editors - Amanda Tieken from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.
Lead Editors - Your name will be added here if you are a lead editor on this page. Read more.
Definition/Description[edit | edit source]
Polycysitc Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), fomerly known as Stien-Leventhal Syndrome, is a disorder affecting the hormones of women of child bearing age.
Signs and symptoms include a collection of the following:
- Obesity1
- Hirsutism - hair growth in male pattern on the face, back, chest, lower abdomen, and inner thighs1
- Virilization - development of male features including balding of the frontal portion of the scalp, voice deepening, atophy of breast tissue, increased muscle mass, and clitoromegaly1
- Anovulation - failure of the ovaries to release an oocyte1
- Amenorrhea - abscence of a menstrual period in women of childbearing age1
Prevalence[edit | edit source]
PCOS affects 4-12% of childbearing aged women[1]
- 50% of these women have amenorrhea[2]
- 30% of these women have abnormal menstrual bleeding[2]
- 60% of these women are obese[3]
- 40% of women with PCOS have type 2 diabetes[2]
Characteristics/Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
Signs and symptoms include a collection of the following:
- Obesity[4]
- Hirsutism - hair growth in male pattern on the face, back, chest, lower abdomen, and inner thighs [4]
- Virilization - development of male features including balding of the frontal portion of the scalp, voice deepening, atophy of breast tissue, increased muscle mass, and clitoromegaly[4]
- Anovulation - failure of the ovaries to release an oocyte[4]
- Amenorrhea - abscence of a menstrual period in women of childbearing age[4]
- Acne related to hyperandrogenism[5]
- Infertility[1]
- First timester miscarriage[1]
Associated Co-morbidities[edit | edit source]
- Type 2 diabetes
- Obesity (60%)
- Cardiovascular disease
- HTN
- Ovarian cancer
- Breast cancer
- Endometrial cancer
Medications[edit | edit source]
Treatment for infertility may include the following for inducing ovulation:
- Weight loss[4]
- Clomiphene citrate[4]
- Corticosteroids[4]
- Metaformin increases spontaneous ovulation for women with insulin resistance/increased insulin production[4]
Treatment for those not interested in conceiving a child may include:
- Weight loss[4]
- Depo-Provera injections to decrease endometrial hyperplasia[4]
- Oral progestin[5]
- Oral combination contraceptive containing estrogen and progestin[5]
Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values[edit | edit source]
There is no one difinitive test for the diagnosis of PCOS, but rather a ruling out of other possible disorders.
- Ultrasounography - abdominal or transvaginal
- Pelvic Examination
- Laproscopy
- Laboratory testing including CBC and CA-125
- Screenings for glucose intolerance
Goodman
Causes[edit | edit source]
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Systemic Involvement[edit | edit source]
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Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Alternative/Holistic Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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Case Reports[edit | edit source]
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Resources
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Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
see adding references tutorial.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Sheehan MT. Polycystic ovarian syndrome: diagnosis & management. Clinical Medicine & Research 2004;2:13-27.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Goodman CC, Fuller KS, editors. Pathology: implications for the physical therapist. 3rd ed. St Louis: Saunders Elsevier, 2009.
- ↑ Daniilidis A, Dina K. Long term health consequesnces of polycystic ovarian syndrome: a review analysis. Hippokratia 2009; 13:90-92.
- ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 Callahan TL, Caughey AB, editors. Blueprints: obstetrics & gynecology. 5th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2009.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Merck manual of medical information. 2nd ed. New York: Merck & Co., Inc, 2003. p 1234-35.
