Peroneus Tertius: Difference between revisions

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== Description  ==
== Description  ==
[[File:Peroneus tertius.png|thumb|Peroneus tertius muscle]]
[[File:Peroneus tertius.png|thumb|Peroneus tertius muscle]]
The Peroneus Tertius muscle, also called Fibularis Tertius, is one of the 3 peroneal muscles ([[Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus Muscle|peroneus longus]], [[Peroneus Brevis]]).<ref name=":0">Lippert, Lynn S. Clinical Kinesiology and Anatomy. 5th ed. Philadelphia: F A Davis Company; 2016.</ref>  It is the most superficial muscle in the anterior compartment of leg. Other muscles in the anterior compartment include [[Tibialis Anterior|tibialis anterior]], [[Extensor Hallucis Longus|extensor hallucis longus]] and [[extensor digitorum longus]]<ref name=":3">Chaurasia BD. [https://www.pdfdrive.com/bd-chaurasia-books.html Human Anatomy Regional and Applied Dissection and Clinical.] Vol 2. CBS Publishers and Distributors Pvt Ltd, 2010</ref> This muscle is absent in 5% to 17% of the human white population.<ref name=":1">Witvrouw E, Vanden Borre K, Willems TM, Huysmans J, Broos E, De Clercq D. The significance of peroneus tertius muscle in ankle injuries: a prospective study. The American journal of sports medicine. 2006 Jul;34(7):1159-63.</ref>
The Peroneus Tertius muscle, also called Fibularis Tertius, is one of the 3 peroneal muscles ([[Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus Muscle|peroneus longus]], [[Peroneus Brevis]]).<ref name=":0">Lippert, Lynn S. Clinical Kinesiology and Anatomy. 5th ed. Philadelphia: F A Davis Company; 2016.</ref>  It is the most superficial muscle in the anterior compartment of leg. Other muscles in the anterior compartment include [[Tibialis Anterior|tibialis anterior]], [[Extensor Hallucis Longus|extensor hallucis longus]] and [[extensor digitorum longus]]<ref name=":3">Chaurasia BD. [https://www.pdfdrive.com/bd-chaurasia-books.html Human Anatomy Regional and Applied Dissection and Clinical.] Vol 2. CBS Publishers and Distributors Pvt Ltd, 2010</ref>  
 
The muscle's presence varies depending on the population studied. Prevalence in different populations has been reported to be the following<ref name=":4" />:
 
* Asian populations: 38.5%-95.5%
* West Asian populations: 38.5%-42%
* India: 87-90%
* China: 89.3%
* Japan: 95.5%
* Egypt: 52.8%
* Tunisia: 67.7%
* Chile: 49.1%
* Brazil: 93.8%
* Bolivia: 100%
* Spain: 38.2%
* Belgium: 81.5%
* Britain: 92.7%
* France: 90.9%
* Austria: 92.9%
* Poland: 85.8%


=== Origin ===
=== Origin ===
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== Clinical relevance  ==
== Clinical relevance  ==
The strength of eversion and dorsiflexion is not compromised in people who lack the Peroneus Tertius muscle. Peroneus Tertius seems to not provide higher protection against ankle ligamentous injury.<ref name=":1" />
The strength of eversion and dorsiflexion is not compromised in people who lack the Peroneus Tertius muscle. Peroneus Tertius seems to not provide higher protection against ankle ligamentous injury.<ref name=":1">Witvrouw E, Vanden Borre K, Willems TM, Huysmans J, Broos E, De Clercq D. The significance of peroneus tertius muscle in ankle injuries: a prospective study. The American journal of sports medicine. 2006 Jul;34(7):1159-63.</ref>
 
Peroneus Tertius Syndrome is a condition characterized by catching, clicking, locking or popping of peroneus tertius tendon over ankle during walking. It is a rare condition of anterolateral ankle pain or rear foot pain. This could be secondary to impingement and constriction of peroneus tertius in the extensor retinaculum.<ref name=":3" />


[[Peroneus Tertius Syndrome|Peroneus Tertius Syndrome]] is a condition characterized by catching, clicking, locking or popping of peroneus tertius tendon over ankle during walking. It is a rare condition of anterolateral ankle pain or rear foot pain. This muscle deeply pass through the inferior extensor retinaculum and literature believe that this syndrome could be secondary to impingement and constriction of peroneus tertius.<ref name=":3" />
Peroneus tertius may be affected when a person has [[Compartment Syndrome of the Lower Leg|anterior compartment syndrome]].<ref name=":3" />


When a person gets indulge in too much of exercise, the anterior compartment muscles become painful or tender to touch leading to anterior compartment syndrome or fresher's syndrome.<ref name=":3" />
The tendon may be used by surgeons as a donor for tendon transfer or tendoplasty procedures<ref name=":4" />.


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 21:50, 23 March 2022

Original Editor - Lilian Ashraf

Top Contributors - Sai Kripa, Kim Jackson, Patti Cavaleri, Claire Testa, Lilian Ashraf and Oyemi Sillo

Description[edit | edit source]

Peroneus tertius muscle

The Peroneus Tertius muscle, also called Fibularis Tertius, is one of the 3 peroneal muscles (peroneus longus, Peroneus Brevis).[1] It is the most superficial muscle in the anterior compartment of leg. Other muscles in the anterior compartment include tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus[2]

The muscle's presence varies depending on the population studied. Prevalence in different populations has been reported to be the following[3]:

  • Asian populations: 38.5%-95.5%
  • West Asian populations: 38.5%-42%
  • India: 87-90%
  • China: 89.3%
  • Japan: 95.5%
  • Egypt: 52.8%
  • Tunisia: 67.7%
  • Chile: 49.1%
  • Brazil: 93.8%
  • Bolivia: 100%
  • Spain: 38.2%
  • Belgium: 81.5%
  • Britain: 92.7%
  • France: 90.9%
  • Austria: 92.9%
  • Poland: 85.8%

Origin[edit | edit source]

Distal half or third of the fibula[4]

Intermuscular septum[3]

Insertion[edit | edit source]

Before reaching it's insertion, the tendon passes under the extensor retinaculum of the foot with the extensor digitorum longus tendon[3].

Dorsal surface of the base of the 5th metatarsal[4]

[5]

Nerve[edit | edit source]

Deep peroneal nerve[1]

Artery[edit | edit source]

Anterior tibial artery[2]

Function[edit | edit source]

  • Assists with foot dorsiflexion and eversion[4]
  • Works with extensor digitorum longus during swing phase of gait[3]

Clinical relevance[edit | edit source]

The strength of eversion and dorsiflexion is not compromised in people who lack the Peroneus Tertius muscle. Peroneus Tertius seems to not provide higher protection against ankle ligamentous injury.[6]

Peroneus Tertius Syndrome is a condition characterized by catching, clicking, locking or popping of peroneus tertius tendon over ankle during walking. It is a rare condition of anterolateral ankle pain or rear foot pain. This could be secondary to impingement and constriction of peroneus tertius in the extensor retinaculum.[2]

Peroneus tertius may be affected when a person has anterior compartment syndrome.[2]

The tendon may be used by surgeons as a donor for tendon transfer or tendoplasty procedures[3].

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lippert, Lynn S. Clinical Kinesiology and Anatomy. 5th ed. Philadelphia: F A Davis Company; 2016.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Chaurasia BD. Human Anatomy Regional and Applied Dissection and Clinical. Vol 2. CBS Publishers and Distributors Pvt Ltd, 2010
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Olewnik Ł. Fibularis Tertius: Anatomical Study and Review of the Literature. Clin Anat. 2019 Nov;32(8):1082-1093.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Witvrouw E, Vanden Borre K, Willems TM, Huysmans J, Broos E, De Clercq D. The significance of peroneus tertius muscle in ankle injuries: a prospective study. The American journal of sports medicine. 2006 Jul;34(7):1159-63.
  5. ↑ Nabil Ebraheim. Peroneus Tertius Muscle- Everything You Need To Know-Dr.Nabil Ebraheim Available from:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n6XWHKJg2OY [last accessed 11/05/2020]
  6. ↑ Witvrouw E, Vanden Borre K, Willems TM, Huysmans J, Broos E, De Clercq D. The significance of peroneus tertius muscle in ankle injuries: a prospective study. The American journal of sports medicine. 2006 Jul;34(7):1159-63.
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