Peripheral Arterial Disease
Original Editors - Students from Glasgow Caledonian University's Cardiorespiratory Therapeutics Project.
Top Contributors - Victoria Michaud, Lucinda hampton, Kim Jackson, Admin, Adam Vallely Farrell, Chris Seenan, Vidya Acharya, 127.0.0.1, Michelle Lee and WikiSysop
Definition/Description[edit | edit source]
Definition of the disease or condition
Epidemiology[edit | edit source]
In the United Kingdom, an estimated 500-1000 new cases of PAD are diagnosed per million each year[1][2]. Patients at high risk of PAD are those with cardiac disease, diabetes mellitus, older than 70 years or 50 years old with multiple cardiovascular factors[3]. These factors include smoking, dyslipedmia, dysglycemia, hypertension, family history of atherosclerotic vascular disease. In lower socioeconomic areas, PAD is more frequent as a result of increased incidence of smoking [4]. Some studies report no difference in prevalence between the sexes [3], however, other studies have found a 3:1 ratio comparing men to women (Fowkes, 2010; Patient, n.d). A few studies have suggested that black non-Hispanics have an increased prevalence of PAD, with a reported 2.39 to 2.83 odd ratio. Although, a study that controlled for atherosclerotic risk factors found a small difference between whites and African Americans; 1.54 and 1.89, respectively (Collins, Peterson, Suasrez-Almazor, & Ashton, 2005). The majority of cases are asymptomatic..
Aetiology[edit | edit source]
The causes of the disease or condition, current thinking and research activity as appropriate
Investigations[edit | edit source]
This may well include any investigations used to gain a diagnosis or that you might need to gain information about your patient assessment.
Clinical Manifestations[edit | edit source]
Clinical manifestations (the signs and symptoms your patient may well present to you on an examination) ensure you relate this back to the underlying pathophysiology.
Physiotherapy and Other Management[edit | edit source]
Physiotherapy and other management. Other health professionals will be treating your patient. What is their input?
Prevention[edit | edit source]
Brief consideration of how this pathology could be prevented and the physiotherapy role in health promotion in relation to prevention of disease or disease progression.
Resources
[edit | edit source]
add appropriate resources here
Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
see tutorial on Adding PubMed Feed
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References[edit | edit source]
see adding references tutorial.
- ↑ Patient. Peripheral arterial disease. http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/peripheral-arterial-disease (accessed 9 May 2015)
- ↑ Peach, G, Griffin, M, Jones, KG, Thompson MM, Hinchliffe, RJ. Diagnosis and management of peripheral arterial disease. BMJ 2012; 345: 1-8. http://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/345/bmj.e5208.full.pdf (acccessed 9 May 2015)
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Mahameed, AA, Bartholomew, JR, Disease of Peripheral Vessels. In: Topol, EJ, editor. Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 3rd ed. New York: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007, p.1531-1537
- ↑ Fowkes G. Peripheral vascular disease. 2010. http://www.birmingham.ac.uk/Documents/college-mds/haps/projects/HCNA/09HCNA3D2.pdf (accessed 9 May 2015)
