Peptic Ulcers: Difference between revisions
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*Stress<br> | *Stress<br> | ||
{{#ev:youtube|4bXZRgJ-1fk}} | {{#ev:youtube|4bXZRgJ-1fk}} | ||
== Prevalence/Incidence == | == Prevalence/Incidence == | ||
According to the National Institute of Health, one in 10 Americans will suffer | According to the National Institute of Health, one in 10 Americans will suffer an ulcer. Over 500 million people are newly diagnosed each year while 4 million cases reported are recurrent. Although ulcers can occur at any age, including infancy, stomach ulcers are more common after 60 years of age and are typically seen more in women than men. Duodenal ulcers are more commonly seen during the third and fifth decades and effect men more than women. Stress Ulcers have not been identified to be more prominent at any age, but rather more apparent in high stress living environments and those individuals who have suffered from a trauma such as a burn or gastrointestinal surgery.<br> | ||
== | == Causes == | ||
Ulcerations can occur due to a bacterial infection of the mucosal lining of the stomach. Helicobacter pylori more commonly known as H. Pylori, causes an overproduction of stomach acid which can overpower the membranes and cause a breakdown of the stomach lining.<br> | |||
<br>Peptic ulcers can occur with prolonged NSAIDs use, hiatal hernia, vitamin deficiency such as folic acid and vitamin C can also cause an imbalance of gastric juices which can make the stomach susceptible to erosion. Other research suggests that ulcers are a side effect psychological stress and are more prominent in individuals with poor coping skills. | |||
== Characteristics<br> == | |||
Three stages of ulceration have been identified. Erosion is the first stage where a marked destruction of the mucosal lining approximately 1-2 cm across. If not addressed a true ulcer can emerge which can be identified by marked disruption of the smooth tissue in the stomach and duodenum. The final and most life threatening stage is a bleeding ulcer. This type of ulcer is a partial or complete hole in the stomach tissue causing hemorrhage. This condition is a medical emergency and can cause significant GI complications.<br> | |||
== Associated Co-morbidities == | == Associated Co-morbidities == | ||
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== Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values == | == Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values == | ||
*Upper GI: Series of x-rays of the GI tract including the esophagus, stomach and duodenum. The patient will need to ingest a barium solution which allows these structures to be viewed by a radiologist with more clarity. | |||
*Endoscopy: this is a procedure using a thin tube connected to a lit camera which is inserted through the mouth into esophagus and allows a physician to see an ulcer and determine its severity. | |||
*Blood tests can also be performed to determine if a patient has the H. pylori bacterial infection. <br><br> | |||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
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== Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence) == | == Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence) == | ||
Although patient education and referral is an important aspect for the physical therapist management; peptic ulcers should be managed by a licensed medical professional such as a general practitioner or gastroenterologist.<br> | |||
== Alternative/Holistic Management (current best evidence) == | == Alternative/Holistic Management (current best evidence) == | ||
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<div class="researchbox"> | <div class="researchbox"> | ||
http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/erss.cgi?rss_guid=1FWkGtUmxmWX04Apw0qfF0jbYpLdUYlTIlwu-KT3JMDWYRWkO2 | http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/erss.cgi?rss_guid=1FWkGtUmxmWX04Apw0qfF0jbYpLdUYlTIlwu-KT3JMDWYRWkO2 | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 23:23, 4 March 2010
Original Editors - Students from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.
Lead Editors - Your name will be added here if you are a lead editor on this page. Read more.
Description
[edit | edit source]
Peptic ulcers are the result of deterioration of the mucosal lining of the stomach and duodenum that can lead to damage of the gastrointestinal tissue. Pepsin, a catalytic enzyme that assists in protein breakdown, increases the gastric acidity in the stomach and assists in digestion. This production of excessive acid can overwhelm the protective lining of mucus within the stomach and duodenum. The stomach tissue cannot handle the acidity and begins to erode.
There are three classifications of Peptic Ulcer:
- Stomach
- Duodenal
- Stress
Prevalence/Incidence[edit | edit source]
According to the National Institute of Health, one in 10 Americans will suffer an ulcer. Over 500 million people are newly diagnosed each year while 4 million cases reported are recurrent. Although ulcers can occur at any age, including infancy, stomach ulcers are more common after 60 years of age and are typically seen more in women than men. Duodenal ulcers are more commonly seen during the third and fifth decades and effect men more than women. Stress Ulcers have not been identified to be more prominent at any age, but rather more apparent in high stress living environments and those individuals who have suffered from a trauma such as a burn or gastrointestinal surgery.
Causes[edit | edit source]
Ulcerations can occur due to a bacterial infection of the mucosal lining of the stomach. Helicobacter pylori more commonly known as H. Pylori, causes an overproduction of stomach acid which can overpower the membranes and cause a breakdown of the stomach lining.
Peptic ulcers can occur with prolonged NSAIDs use, hiatal hernia, vitamin deficiency such as folic acid and vitamin C can also cause an imbalance of gastric juices which can make the stomach susceptible to erosion. Other research suggests that ulcers are a side effect psychological stress and are more prominent in individuals with poor coping skills.
Characteristics
[edit | edit source]
Three stages of ulceration have been identified. Erosion is the first stage where a marked destruction of the mucosal lining approximately 1-2 cm across. If not addressed a true ulcer can emerge which can be identified by marked disruption of the smooth tissue in the stomach and duodenum. The final and most life threatening stage is a bleeding ulcer. This type of ulcer is a partial or complete hole in the stomach tissue causing hemorrhage. This condition is a medical emergency and can cause significant GI complications.
Associated Co-morbidities[edit | edit source]
add text here
Medications[edit | edit source]
add text here
Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values[edit | edit source]
- Upper GI: Series of x-rays of the GI tract including the esophagus, stomach and duodenum. The patient will need to ingest a barium solution which allows these structures to be viewed by a radiologist with more clarity.
- Endoscopy: this is a procedure using a thin tube connected to a lit camera which is inserted through the mouth into esophagus and allows a physician to see an ulcer and determine its severity.
- Blood tests can also be performed to determine if a patient has the H. pylori bacterial infection.
Causes[edit | edit source]
add text here
Systemic Involvement[edit | edit source]
add text here
Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
add text here
Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
Although patient education and referral is an important aspect for the physical therapist management; peptic ulcers should be managed by a licensed medical professional such as a general practitioner or gastroenterologist.
Alternative/Holistic Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
add text here
Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
add text here
Case Reports[edit | edit source]
add links to case studies here (case studies should be added on new pages using the case study template)
Resources
[edit | edit source]
add appropriate resources here
Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
see tutorial on Adding PubMed Feed
References[edit | edit source]
see adding references tutorial.
