Parkinson's Lifestyle Medicine - Nutrition and Sleep Hygiene

Original Editor - Thomas Longbottom based on the course by Z Altug

Top Contributors - Thomas Longbottom, Kim Jackson, Tarina van der Stockt, Lucinda hampton and Jess Bell  

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Approximately 10 million people around the world are currently living with Parkinson’s Disease.[1] Meta-analysis of worldwide data reveals that the prevalence of Parkinson’s Disease increases with age, quadrupling from a level of almost 0.5%  in the seventh decade of life to approximately 2% for those over the age of 80.[2] Parkinson’s is associated with the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain, and it is typified clinically by resting tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia along with a number of non-motor features such as anosmia, sleep behavior disorder, depression, autonomic dysfunction, and cognitive dysfunction.[3] The etiology of this disease is not fully understood, but there is some combination of environmental and genetic factors presumed to be causative.[3] Among these are various lifestyle factors such as tobacco use, dietary intake, and physical activity.[4][5]

Lifestyle Medicine[edit | edit source]

According to the Lifestyle Medicine Handbook, Lifestyle Medicine involves the use of evidence-based lifestyle therapeutic approaches to treat, reverse, and prevent lifestyle-related chronic disease.[6] These include:

  1. A predominantly whole food, plant-based diet
  2. Regular physical activity
  3. Adequate sleep
  4. Stress management
  5. Social connections
  6. Avoidance of risky substance abuse[6]

The focus of this module will be on discussing resources and concepts related to the nutrition and sleep hygiene aspects that have the potential to impact those with Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinsons Wellness Diagram.png

Nutrition[edit | edit source]

Nutrition involves the intake of food for the sustenance of the body's tissues and functions. It provides energy, supports growth, healing, recovery and maintenance, and helps maintain a healthy immune system. Food also has a role in providing for social interaction.[7]

Resources[edit | edit source]

  • bulleted list
  • x

or

  1. numbered list
  2. x

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Statistics [Internet]. Parkinson's Foundation. [cited 2021Dec28]. Available from: https://www.parkinson.org/Understanding-Parkinsons/Statistics
  2. ↑ Pringsheim T, Jette N, Frolkis A, Steeves TDL. The prevalence of Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Movement Disorders 2014;29(13):1583–90.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Simon DK, Tanner CM, Brundin P. Parkinson Disease Epidemiology, Pathology, Genetics, and Pathophysiology. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine 2020;36(1):1–2.
  4. ↑ Ritz B, Ascherio A, Checkoway H, Marder KS, Nelson LM, Rocca WA, et al.. Pooled Analysis of Tobacco Use and Risk of Parkinson Disease. Archives of Neurology [Internet] 2007;64(7):990.
  5. ↑ Paul KC, Chuang Y, Shih I, Keener A, Bordelon Y, Bronstein JM, et al.. The association between lifestyle factors and Parkinson's disease progression and mortality. Movement Disorders 2019;34(1):58–66.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Frates B, Bonnet JP, Joseph R, Peterson JA. Lifestyle Medicine Handbook: An introduction to the power of Healthy Habits. Monterey, CA: Healthy Learning; 2021.
  7. ↑ Z Altug. Parkinson's Lifestyle Medicine - Nutrition and Sleep Hygiene. Pnysioplus Course. 2021.
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