Parkinson's Lifestyle Medicine - Nutrition and Sleep Hygiene: Difference between revisions

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The focus of this module will be on discussing resources and concepts related to the nutrition and sleep hygiene aspects that have the potential to impact those with Parkinson's Disease.
The focus of this module will be on discussing resources and concepts related to the nutrition and sleep hygiene aspects that have the potential to impact those with Parkinson's Disease.
== Nutrition ==
== Nutrition ==
Nutrition involves the intake of food for the sustenance of the body's tissues and functions.  It provides energy, supports growth, healing, recovery and maintenance, and helps maintain a healthy immune system.  Food also has a role in providing for social interaction.<ref name=":2" />Diet and nutrition can be an important therapeutic component used to help manage various medical conditions such as cystic fibrosis, celiac disease, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and others.<ref>Health [Internet]. EatRight. [cited 2021Dec28]. Available from: https://www.eatright.org/health</ref>Food-drug interactions have the potential to interfere with the effectiveness of certain medications, and this can be significant for individuals with Parkinson's.<ref>Escott-Stump S. Nutrition and diagnosis-related care 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health; 2015.</ref>  Certain foods can also impact disease processes.  For example, limiting dietary protein may help reduce dyskinesia for some individuals.<ref>Raymond JL, Morrow K. Krause and Mahan's Food & the Nutrition Care Process. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2021.</ref>There is evidence that the Mediterranean Diet, generally high in vegetables, fruits, legumes, grains, and unsaturated fats as in olive oil, and low in meat protein and dairy, may help reduce the risk for Parkinson's and delay its onset.<ref>Metcalfe‐Roach A, Yu AC, Golz E, Cirstea M, Sundvick K, Kliger D, et al. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8248352/ MIND and Mediterranean diets associated with later onset of parkinson's disease]. Movement Disorders. 2021;36(4):977–84.</ref>   
Nutrition involves the intake of food for the sustenance of the body's tissues and functions.  It provides energy, supports growth, healing, recovery and maintenance, and helps maintain a healthy immune system.  Food also has a role in providing for social interaction.<ref name=":2" />Diet and nutrition can be an important therapeutic component used to help manage various medical conditions such as cystic fibrosis, celiac disease, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and others.<ref>Health [Internet]. EatRight. [cited 2021Dec28]. Available from: https://www.eatright.org/health</ref>Food-drug interactions have the potential to interfere with the effectiveness of certain medications, and this can be significant for individuals with Parkinson's.<ref>Escott-Stump S. Nutrition and diagnosis-related care 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health; 2015.</ref>  Certain foods can also impact disease processes.  For example, limiting dietary protein may help reduce dyskinesia for some individuals.<ref>Raymond JL, Morrow K. Krause and Mahan's Food & the Nutrition Care Process. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2021.</ref>There is evidence that the Mediterranean Diet, generally high in fruits and vegetables, nuts and legumes, whole grains, seafood, and unsaturated fats such as olive oil, and low in meat protein and dairy, may help reduce the risk for Parkinson's Disease and delay its onset.<ref>Metcalfe‐Roach A, Yu AC, Golz E, Cirstea M, Sundvick K, Kliger D, et al. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8248352/ MIND and Mediterranean diets associated with later onset of parkinson's disease]. Movement Disorders. 2021;36(4):977–84.</ref><ref>Yin W, Löf M, Pedersen NL, Sandin S, Fang F. Mediterranean dietary pattern at middle age and risk of parkinson's disease: A Swedish cohort study. Movement Disorders. 2020;36(1):255–60.</ref>The Mediterranean Diet also can increase cognitive function in individuals with Parkinson's, improving executive function, language, attention, concentration, and memory.<ref>Paknahad Z, Sheklabadi E, Derakhshan Y, Bagherniya M, Chitsaz A. The effect of the Mediterranean diet on cognitive function in patients with parkinson’s disease: A randomized clinical controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2020;50:102366.</ref>
 
'''''Practical strategies:'''''
 
# ''Choose foods wisely, choosing a variety of colorful and predominantly plant-based foods.''
# ''Learn to cook wholesome foods using simple recipes.''
# ''Try mindful eating strategies. These include eating with friends and family, and eating more slowly by looking at the shape of the food, feeling the texture, savoring the aromas and tasting the flavors.''
# ''Consider a consultation with a registered dietitian and perhaps a culinary medicine specialist to optimize diet and nutrients for overall health and well-being.''<ref name=":2" />
 
== Sleep Hygiene ==


== Resources  ==
== Resources  ==

Revision as of 23:24, 28 December 2021

Original Editor - Thomas Longbottom based on the course by Z Altug

Top Contributors - Thomas Longbottom, Kim Jackson, Tarina van der Stockt, Lucinda hampton and Jess Bell  

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Approximately 10 million people around the world are currently living with Parkinson’s Disease.[1] Meta-analysis of worldwide data reveals that the prevalence of Parkinson’s Disease increases with age, quadrupling from a level of almost 0.5%  in the seventh decade of life to approximately 2% for those over the age of 80.[2] Parkinson’s is associated with the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain, and it is typified clinically by resting tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia along with a number of non-motor features such as anosmia, sleep behavior disorder, depression, autonomic dysfunction, and cognitive dysfunction.[3] The etiology of this disease is not fully understood, but there is some combination of environmental and genetic factors presumed to be causative.[3] Among these are various lifestyle factors such as tobacco use, dietary intake, and physical activity.[4][5]

Lifestyle Medicine[edit | edit source]

Components of Parkinson's Lifestyle Wellness: Stress Management, Conventional Exercise, Mind-Body Exercise, Nutrition, Sleep Hygiene, Avoidance of Risky Substances, Self-Care Strategies, Expressive Therapies, Nature-Based Activities, and Social Connections
Components of Parkinson's Lifestyle Wellness[6]

According to the Lifestyle Medicine Handbook, Lifestyle Medicine involves the use of evidence-based lifestyle therapeutic approaches to treat, reverse, and prevent lifestyle-related chronic disease.[7] These include:

  1. A predominantly whole food, plant-based diet
  2. Regular physical activity
  3. Adequate sleep
  4. Stress management
  5. Social connections
  6. Avoidance of risky substance abuse[7]

The focus of this module will be on discussing resources and concepts related to the nutrition and sleep hygiene aspects that have the potential to impact those with Parkinson's Disease.

Nutrition[edit | edit source]

Nutrition involves the intake of food for the sustenance of the body's tissues and functions. It provides energy, supports growth, healing, recovery and maintenance, and helps maintain a healthy immune system. Food also has a role in providing for social interaction.[6]Diet and nutrition can be an important therapeutic component used to help manage various medical conditions such as cystic fibrosis, celiac disease, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and others.[8]Food-drug interactions have the potential to interfere with the effectiveness of certain medications, and this can be significant for individuals with Parkinson's.[9] Certain foods can also impact disease processes. For example, limiting dietary protein may help reduce dyskinesia for some individuals.[10]There is evidence that the Mediterranean Diet, generally high in fruits and vegetables, nuts and legumes, whole grains, seafood, and unsaturated fats such as olive oil, and low in meat protein and dairy, may help reduce the risk for Parkinson's Disease and delay its onset.[11][12]The Mediterranean Diet also can increase cognitive function in individuals with Parkinson's, improving executive function, language, attention, concentration, and memory.[13]

Practical strategies:

  1. Choose foods wisely, choosing a variety of colorful and predominantly plant-based foods.
  2. Learn to cook wholesome foods using simple recipes.
  3. Try mindful eating strategies. These include eating with friends and family, and eating more slowly by looking at the shape of the food, feeling the texture, savoring the aromas and tasting the flavors.
  4. Consider a consultation with a registered dietitian and perhaps a culinary medicine specialist to optimize diet and nutrients for overall health and well-being.[6]

Sleep Hygiene[edit | edit source]

Resources[edit | edit source]

  • bulleted list
  • x

or

  1. numbered list
  2. x

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Statistics [Internet]. Parkinson's Foundation. [cited 2021Dec28]. Available from: https://www.parkinson.org/Understanding-Parkinsons/Statistics
  2. ↑ Pringsheim T, Jette N, Frolkis A, Steeves TDL. The prevalence of Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Movement Disorders 2014;29(13):1583–90.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Simon DK, Tanner CM, Brundin P. Parkinson Disease Epidemiology, Pathology, Genetics, and Pathophysiology. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine 2020;36(1):1–2.
  4. ↑ Ritz B, Ascherio A, Checkoway H, Marder KS, Nelson LM, Rocca WA, et al.. Pooled Analysis of Tobacco Use and Risk of Parkinson Disease. Archives of Neurology [Internet] 2007;64(7):990.
  5. ↑ Paul KC, Chuang Y, Shih I, Keener A, Bordelon Y, Bronstein JM, et al.. The association between lifestyle factors and Parkinson's disease progression and mortality. Movement Disorders 2019;34(1):58–66.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Z Altug. Parkinson's Lifestyle Medicine - Nutrition and Sleep Hygiene. Physioplus Course. 2021.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Frates B, Bonnet JP, Joseph R, Peterson JA. Lifestyle Medicine Handbook: An introduction to the power of Healthy Habits. Monterey, CA: Healthy Learning; 2021.
  8. ↑ Health [Internet]. EatRight. [cited 2021Dec28]. Available from: https://www.eatright.org/health
  9. ↑ Escott-Stump S. Nutrition and diagnosis-related care 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health; 2015.
  10. ↑ Raymond JL, Morrow K. Krause and Mahan's Food & the Nutrition Care Process. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2021.
  11. ↑ Metcalfe‐Roach A, Yu AC, Golz E, Cirstea M, Sundvick K, Kliger D, et al. MIND and Mediterranean diets associated with later onset of parkinson's disease. Movement Disorders. 2021;36(4):977–84.
  12. ↑ Yin W, Löf M, Pedersen NL, Sandin S, Fang F. Mediterranean dietary pattern at middle age and risk of parkinson's disease: A Swedish cohort study. Movement Disorders. 2020;36(1):255–60.
  13. ↑ Paknahad Z, Sheklabadi E, Derakhshan Y, Bagherniya M, Chitsaz A. The effect of the Mediterranean diet on cognitive function in patients with parkinson’s disease: A randomized clinical controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2020;50:102366.
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