POLICE Principle: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
The Police Principle is a modern/modified first aid method of treating musculo-skeletal injuries. Traditionally, the first aid method of treating musculo-skeletal injuries has been taught through the pneumonic, R.I.C.E, (Rest,Ice,Compress,Elevate.) and P.R.I.CE (Protection,Rest,Ice,Compress,Elevate<br> | The Police Principle is a modern/modified first aid method of treating musculo-skeletal injuries. Traditionally, the first aid method of treating musculo-skeletal injuries has been taught through the pneumonic, R.I.C.E, (Rest,Ice,Compress,Elevate.) and P.R.I.CE (Protection,Rest,Ice,Compress,Elevate)<br> | ||
== Protection == | == Protection == | ||
Revision as of 18:18, 26 May 2016
Original Editor - Kudzanayi Ronald Muzenda
Top Contributors - Kudzanayi Ronald Muzenda, Uchechukwu Chukwuemeka, Claire Knott, Naomi O'Reilly, Mariam Hashem, Kim Jackson, Wanda van Niekerk and Lucinda hampton
Introduction[edit | edit source]
The Police Principle is a modern/modified first aid method of treating musculo-skeletal injuries. Traditionally, the first aid method of treating musculo-skeletal injuries has been taught through the pneumonic, R.I.C.E, (Rest,Ice,Compress,Elevate.) and P.R.I.CE (Protection,Rest,Ice,Compress,Elevate)
Protection[edit | edit source]
Protect emphasizes the importance of avoiding further tissue damage, but doesn’t infer indefinite immobilization. This could mean using crutches to protect an injured lower extremity, while actively engaging in daily tasks. Protect could represent the appropriate amounts of rest to heal the injury as well.[1]
Optimal Loading[edit | edit source]
Optimal loading will stimulate the healing process as bone, tendon, ligament and muscle all require some loading to stimulate healing. Optimal loading is done by utilizing mechano-therapy intervention and includes a wide range of manual techniques currently available “Paradoxically, crutches, braces and supports, traditionally associated with rest, may have a greater role in adjusting and regulating optimal loading in the early stages of rehabilitation.”[1]
The right amount of activity can help manage swelling. For example in the ankle, contraction of the calf muscles helps to move swelling up the body against gravity. Complete rest would the prevent this.In some instances loading may not be necessary i.e. in severe fractures that need surgery.[2]
Ice[edit | edit source]
Ice or cryo-therapy is the application of cold through cold packs,cold sprays and cold air.Ice lowers skin and tissue temperature and subsequently decreases neuronal activity (Pain) and tissue blood flow.The benefits of ice are most significant within the first day or two of injury[3].When applying ice to a local area one must make sure that they do not apply it direct to skin to prevent frost bites.Ice application should not exceed 20 minutes bacause it will burn you.The following Physiopedia page gives more information on ice application in acute musculo-skeletal injuries.
Compression[edit | edit source]
Compression after an injury helps in the prevention of further swelling,proprioception and a bit of immobilization.Compression to a local area is usually applied using a bandage on top of the ice wrapping[4].The bandage should not be so tight that it causes discomfort or interferes with blood flow.The following physio-pedia page will give more information:
Elevation[edit | edit source]
Elevating the injured above the level of the blood helps results in a decrease in hydrostatic pressure which in turn, reduces the accumulation of interstitial fluid. [4]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Bleakley CM, Glasgow P, MacAuley DC. PRICE needs updating, should we call the POLICE?. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2011 Sep 7:bjsports-2011.
- ↑ Glasgow P, Phillips N, Bleakley C. Optimal loading: key variables and mechanisms. British journal of sports medicine. 2015 Jan 6:bjsports-2014.
- ↑ Hubbard TJ, Denegar CR. Does cryotherapy improve outcomes with soft tissue injury?. Journal of athletic training. 2004 Jul 1;39(3):278.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Maffulli N, Oliva F, Frizziero A, Nanni G, Barazzuol M, Via AG, Ramponi C, Brancaccio P, Lisitano G, Rizzo D, Freschi M. ISMuLT Guidelines for muscle injuries. Muscles, ligaments and tendons journal. 2013 Oct;3(4):241.
