Occupational Therapy in Home Health: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
</div> | </div>Occupational therapy (OT) is a healthcare profession that helps individuals build or improve skills for everyday activities such as self-care, productivity, work, and leisure activities such as hobbies and socialising, utilising various techniques, exercises, and interventions to enhance independence and functional abilities, <ref>Raymond MH, Feldman DE, Demers L. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7298351/ Referral Prioritization in Home Care Occupational Therapy: A Matter of Perspective.] Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy. 2020 Jun;87(3):182-91.</ref>including adaptive strategies, assistive devices, and customised treatment plans.<ref>Rexe K, Lammi BM, von Zweck C. [https://www.acotup-acpue.ca/PDFs/OT%20-%20Cost-Effective%20Solutions%20for%20Changing%20Health%20System%20Needs.pdf Occupational therapy: Cost-effective solutions for changing health system needs.] Healthcare Quarterly. 2013 Jan 1;16(1):69-75.</ref> Occupational therapy practitioners play a crucial role in the home health rehabilitation team, providing support to patients transitioning from acute care to home.<ref name=":2">Liu CJ, Burch H, Glover S, Donofrio A, Oliveros G, Demeo G. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/366456248_CURRENT_PRACTICE_PATTERNS_IN_HOME_HEALTH_OCCUPATIONAL_THERAPY/citations CURRENT PRACTICE PATTERNS IN HOME HEALTH OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY.] Innovation in Aging. 2022 Nov 1;6(Supplement_1):708-.</ref> Occupational therapy's role in home health care goes beyond the confines of a medical setting, extending into the heart of individuals' lives and their living environments. The combined efforts of occupational therapists, patients, and their families result in transformative outcomes—allowing individuals to regain lost abilities, adapt to new challenges, and rediscover a sense of purpose within the comfort of their homes.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0">Bennett S, Laver K, Voigt-Radloff S, Letts L, Clemson L, Graff M, Wiseman J, Gitlin L. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6858232/ Occupational therapy for people with dementia and their family carers provided at home: a systematic review and meta-analysis.] BMJ open. 2019 Nov 1;9(11):e026308.</ref>{{#ev:youtube|9Ijq1mw20_s|300}}<ref>Avera Health. Bringing Occupational Therapy to Patients at Home - Medical Minute. Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Ijq1mw20_s 29/08/2023]</ref> | ||
Occupational therapy's role in home health care goes beyond the confines of a medical setting, extending into the heart of individuals' lives and their living environments. The combined efforts of occupational therapists, patients, and their families result in transformative outcomes—allowing individuals to regain lost abilities, adapt to new challenges, and rediscover a sense of purpose within the comfort of their homes.<ref name=":0">Bennett S, Laver K, Voigt-Radloff S, Letts L, Clemson L, Graff M, Wiseman J, Gitlin L. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6858232/ Occupational therapy for people with dementia and their family carers provided at home: a systematic review and meta-analysis.] BMJ open. 2019 Nov 1;9(11):e026308.</ref> | |||
{{#ev:youtube|9Ijq1mw20_s|300}}<ref>Avera Health. Bringing Occupational Therapy to Patients at Home - Medical Minute. Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Ijq1mw20_s 29/08/2023]</ref> | |||
As the interdependent relationship between occupational therapy and home health care continues to evolve, its impact on the lives of individuals remains a testament to the power of personalised care and the pursuit of independence.<ref name=":0" /><ref>De Coninck L, Bekkering GE, Bouckaert L, Declercq A, Graff MJ, Aertgeerts B. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28369719/ Home‐and community‐based occupational therapy improves functioning in frail older people: A systematic review.] Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2017 Aug;65(8):1863-9.</ref> | As the interdependent relationship between occupational therapy and home health care continues to evolve, its impact on the lives of individuals remains a testament to the power of personalised care and the pursuit of independence.<ref name=":0" /><ref>De Coninck L, Bekkering GE, Bouckaert L, Declercq A, Graff MJ, Aertgeerts B. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28369719/ Home‐and community‐based occupational therapy improves functioning in frail older people: A systematic review.] Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2017 Aug;65(8):1863-9.</ref> | ||
== Conditions Managed at Home == | == Conditions Managed at Home == | ||
OT in home health care provides services for the following conditions for patients: | |||
Musculoskeletal and Orthopaedic conditions: Occupational therapists address conditions such as fractures, joint replacements, and injuries that affect mobility and range of motion. They design personalised rehabilitation plans to restore strength, coordination, and functional mobility, enabling patients to navigate their homes with confidence.<ref>Clark BM. Rheumatology: 9. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC80550/ Physical and occupational therapy in the management of arthritis.] CMAJ. 2000 Oct 17;163(8):999-1005.</ref> | Musculoskeletal and Orthopaedic conditions: Occupational therapists address conditions such as fractures, joint replacements, and injuries that affect mobility and range of motion. They design personalised rehabilitation plans to restore strength, coordination, and functional mobility, enabling patients to navigate their homes with confidence.<ref>Clark BM. Rheumatology: 9. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC80550/ Physical and occupational therapy in the management of arthritis.] CMAJ. 2000 Oct 17;163(8):999-1005.</ref> | ||
Neurologic conditions: | Neurologic conditions: OT in Home health care assists individuals recovering from [[stroke]], traumatic brain injuries, dementia,<ref name=":0" /> and other neurological disorders. By targeting fine motor skills, balance, and cognitive function to help regain control over their lives and daily routines.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
Peadiatric developmental delay: OT in home health involves working with the child, the parent, and the family unit<ref name=":1">Novak I, Honan I. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6850210/ Effectiveness of paediatric occupational therapy for children with disabilities: A systematic review.] Australian occupational therapy journal. 2019 Jun;66(3):258-73.</ref>—the peadiatric population with developmental delays—by fostering age-appropriate skills. Through play-based interventions, therapists enhance sensory integration, motor coordination, and social engagement, ensuring children reach their developmental milestones.<ref name=":1" /> | |||
== Occupational therapy Assessment == | |||
Occupational therapy practises have a person-centered approach and carry out their practise based on evidence (evidence-based health care).<ref>Harper KJ, McAuliffe K, Parsons DN. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9796587/ Barriers and facilitating factors influencing implementation of occupational therapy home assessment recommendations: A mixed methods systematic review.] Australian Occupational Therapy Journal. 2022 Oct;69(5):599-624.</ref> | |||
Occupational therapists use clinical history, observation, interviews, standardised testing, and assessment of daily living, work, and leisure skills to identify individuals with impairments, functional limitations, and disabilities.<ref name=":3">''LCD - Home Health Occupational Therapy (L34560)''. (n.d.). https://www.cms.gov/medicare-coverage-database/view/lcd.aspx?LCDId=34560</ref> The outcome of these is used to design an individualised treatment plan, performed under the supervision of a skilled, qualified occupational therapist. OTs conduct home assessments to identify any deviations from normal, and enhance patients' safety and independence. Implementation of recommendations is crucial for the success of therapy interventions.<ref name=":3" />Some of the assessment tools used in home health include, but are not limited to: | |||
* Non-standardized assessments: general observation, assessment of activities of daily living, Observation of home safety, fall risks, and transfer <ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> | |||
* Measures of occupational performance: assessed using the Barthel Index or modified Barthel Index and the Functional Independence Measure<ref name=":2" /> | |||
* Measures of cognition: Mini-Mental State Examination, Saint Louis University Mental Status Exam, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Allen Cognitive Level Screen Assessment, Short Blessed Test, and Test of Visual-Motor Integration <ref name=":2" /><ref>Manee FS, Nadar MS, Alotaibi NM, Rassafiani M. [https://libguides.hofstra.edu/ld.php?content_id=67108031 Cognitive assessments used in occupational therapy practice: A global perspective.] Occupational therapy international. 2020 Aug 26;2020:1-8.</ref> | |||
* Measures of mobility and balance: Timed-up-and go test, functional reach Tinetti Balance Test, Berg balance scale, Fall Efficacy Scale, and Activity-specific-Balance Confidence Scale<ref name=":2" /> | |||
* Measures of body structure and function: Grip strength, Manual Muscle Testing, Range of Motion, Hole Peg Test, and, 2-minute Step Test<ref name=":2" /> | |||
== Treatment approaches and techniques used == | |||
== Resources == | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Rehabilitation]] | [[Category:Rehabilitation]] | ||
Revision as of 13:59, 30 August 2023
Original Editor - User:Temitope Olowoyeye
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Occupational therapy (OT) is a healthcare profession that helps individuals build or improve skills for everyday activities such as self-care, productivity, work, and leisure activities such as hobbies and socialising, utilising various techniques, exercises, and interventions to enhance independence and functional abilities, [1]including adaptive strategies, assistive devices, and customised treatment plans.[2] Occupational therapy practitioners play a crucial role in the home health rehabilitation team, providing support to patients transitioning from acute care to home.[3] Occupational therapy's role in home health care goes beyond the confines of a medical setting, extending into the heart of individuals' lives and their living environments. The combined efforts of occupational therapists, patients, and their families result in transformative outcomes—allowing individuals to regain lost abilities, adapt to new challenges, and rediscover a sense of purpose within the comfort of their homes.[3][4]
As the interdependent relationship between occupational therapy and home health care continues to evolve, its impact on the lives of individuals remains a testament to the power of personalised care and the pursuit of independence.[4][6]
Conditions Managed at Home[edit | edit source]
OT in home health care provides services for the following conditions for patients:
Musculoskeletal and Orthopaedic conditions: Occupational therapists address conditions such as fractures, joint replacements, and injuries that affect mobility and range of motion. They design personalised rehabilitation plans to restore strength, coordination, and functional mobility, enabling patients to navigate their homes with confidence.[7]
Neurologic conditions: OT in Home health care assists individuals recovering from stroke, traumatic brain injuries, dementia,[4] and other neurological disorders. By targeting fine motor skills, balance, and cognitive function to help regain control over their lives and daily routines.[4]
Peadiatric developmental delay: OT in home health involves working with the child, the parent, and the family unit[8]—the peadiatric population with developmental delays—by fostering age-appropriate skills. Through play-based interventions, therapists enhance sensory integration, motor coordination, and social engagement, ensuring children reach their developmental milestones.[8]
Occupational therapy Assessment[edit | edit source]
Occupational therapy practises have a person-centered approach and carry out their practise based on evidence (evidence-based health care).[9]
Occupational therapists use clinical history, observation, interviews, standardised testing, and assessment of daily living, work, and leisure skills to identify individuals with impairments, functional limitations, and disabilities.[10] The outcome of these is used to design an individualised treatment plan, performed under the supervision of a skilled, qualified occupational therapist. OTs conduct home assessments to identify any deviations from normal, and enhance patients' safety and independence. Implementation of recommendations is crucial for the success of therapy interventions.[10]Some of the assessment tools used in home health include, but are not limited to:
- Non-standardized assessments: general observation, assessment of activities of daily living, Observation of home safety, fall risks, and transfer [3][10]
- Measures of occupational performance: assessed using the Barthel Index or modified Barthel Index and the Functional Independence Measure[3]
- Measures of cognition: Mini-Mental State Examination, Saint Louis University Mental Status Exam, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Allen Cognitive Level Screen Assessment, Short Blessed Test, and Test of Visual-Motor Integration [3][11]
- Measures of mobility and balance: Timed-up-and go test, functional reach Tinetti Balance Test, Berg balance scale, Fall Efficacy Scale, and Activity-specific-Balance Confidence Scale[3]
- Measures of body structure and function: Grip strength, Manual Muscle Testing, Range of Motion, Hole Peg Test, and, 2-minute Step Test[3]
Treatment approaches and techniques used[edit | edit source]
Resources[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Raymond MH, Feldman DE, Demers L. Referral Prioritization in Home Care Occupational Therapy: A Matter of Perspective. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy. 2020 Jun;87(3):182-91.
- ↑ Rexe K, Lammi BM, von Zweck C. Occupational therapy: Cost-effective solutions for changing health system needs. Healthcare Quarterly. 2013 Jan 1;16(1):69-75.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Liu CJ, Burch H, Glover S, Donofrio A, Oliveros G, Demeo G. CURRENT PRACTICE PATTERNS IN HOME HEALTH OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY. Innovation in Aging. 2022 Nov 1;6(Supplement_1):708-.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Bennett S, Laver K, Voigt-Radloff S, Letts L, Clemson L, Graff M, Wiseman J, Gitlin L. Occupational therapy for people with dementia and their family carers provided at home: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ open. 2019 Nov 1;9(11):e026308.
- ↑ Avera Health. Bringing Occupational Therapy to Patients at Home - Medical Minute. Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Ijq1mw20_s 29/08/2023]
- ↑ De Coninck L, Bekkering GE, Bouckaert L, Declercq A, Graff MJ, Aertgeerts B. Home‐and community‐based occupational therapy improves functioning in frail older people: A systematic review. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2017 Aug;65(8):1863-9.
- ↑ Clark BM. Rheumatology: 9. Physical and occupational therapy in the management of arthritis. CMAJ. 2000 Oct 17;163(8):999-1005.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Novak I, Honan I. Effectiveness of paediatric occupational therapy for children with disabilities: A systematic review. Australian occupational therapy journal. 2019 Jun;66(3):258-73.
- ↑ Harper KJ, McAuliffe K, Parsons DN. Barriers and facilitating factors influencing implementation of occupational therapy home assessment recommendations: A mixed methods systematic review. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal. 2022 Oct;69(5):599-624.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 LCD - Home Health Occupational Therapy (L34560). (n.d.). https://www.cms.gov/medicare-coverage-database/view/lcd.aspx?LCDId=34560
- ↑ Manee FS, Nadar MS, Alotaibi NM, Rassafiani M. Cognitive assessments used in occupational therapy practice: A global perspective. Occupational therapy international. 2020 Aug 26;2020:1-8.
