Introduction to Basic Rehabilitation Techniques: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
Rehabilitation is a concept that is widely discussed globally. This is by no means unexpected since over a billion people live with a form of disability, accounting for over 15% of the world population. Furthermore, according to a recent report, 2.41 billion individuals worldwide live with the conditions that impact their functions in daily life and would benefit from rehabilitation services, which equates to 1 in 3 individuals requiring rehabilitation services throughout the course of their illness or injury. | |||
Fundamentally, rehabilitation is founded on the philosophy that every individual has the inherent tendency and right to be an expert in their own health care. This, therefore, marks the distinction between acute care and rehabilitation, where acute care is concerned with an individual’s survival, while rehabilitation is concerned with the education and training of individuals to be able to carry out activities of daily living by themselves, thus promoting self-care and functional independence. | |||
Rehabilitation is then a "set of interventions designed to optimise functioning in individuals with health conditions in interaction with their environment". Health conditions can refer to disease (acute or chronic), injury or trauma, which may also include other circumstances such as pregnancy, ageing, stress, congenital anomaly, or genetic predisposition. Anyone with a health condition who experiences some form of limitation in functioning, such as mobility, vision, or cognition, may need rehabilitation. As such rehabilitation is best characterised through use of the biopsychosocial model through the use of interventions that address impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions, considering contextual factors both personal and environmental, including assistive technology that impact functioning. | |||
If we consider the definition of rehabilitation as "a set of measures that assist individuals who experience, or are likely to experience, disability to achieve and maintain optimal functioning in interaction with their environments”, then rehabilitation is in effect composed of multiple components or "interventions" to address issues related to all domains within the World Health Organisation's [[International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)]] including: body functions and structures, capacity for activities, the performance of activities, participation, environmental/contextual factors, and personal factors.<ref name=":2">World Health Organization. World Report on Disability 2011. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2011. Rehabilitation.</ref>[[File:ICF Model Generic (correct version).png|center|frame|'''Figure. 1''' [[International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)|International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Model]]]] | If we consider the definition of rehabilitation as "a set of measures that assist individuals who experience, or are likely to experience, disability to achieve and maintain optimal functioning in interaction with their environments”, then rehabilitation is in effect composed of multiple components or "interventions" to address issues related to all domains within the World Health Organisation's [[International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)]] including: body functions and structures, capacity for activities, the performance of activities, participation, environmental/contextual factors, and personal factors.<ref name=":2">World Health Organization. World Report on Disability 2011. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2011. Rehabilitation.</ref>[[File:ICF Model Generic (correct version).png|center|frame|'''Figure. 1''' [[International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)|International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Model]]]] | ||
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Introduction[edit | edit source]
Rehabilitation is a concept that is widely discussed globally. This is by no means unexpected since over a billion people live with a form of disability, accounting for over 15% of the world population. Furthermore, according to a recent report, 2.41 billion individuals worldwide live with the conditions that impact their functions in daily life and would benefit from rehabilitation services, which equates to 1 in 3 individuals requiring rehabilitation services throughout the course of their illness or injury.
Fundamentally, rehabilitation is founded on the philosophy that every individual has the inherent tendency and right to be an expert in their own health care. This, therefore, marks the distinction between acute care and rehabilitation, where acute care is concerned with an individual’s survival, while rehabilitation is concerned with the education and training of individuals to be able to carry out activities of daily living by themselves, thus promoting self-care and functional independence.
Rehabilitation is then a "set of interventions designed to optimise functioning in individuals with health conditions in interaction with their environment". Health conditions can refer to disease (acute or chronic), injury or trauma, which may also include other circumstances such as pregnancy, ageing, stress, congenital anomaly, or genetic predisposition. Anyone with a health condition who experiences some form of limitation in functioning, such as mobility, vision, or cognition, may need rehabilitation. As such rehabilitation is best characterised through use of the biopsychosocial model through the use of interventions that address impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions, considering contextual factors both personal and environmental, including assistive technology that impact functioning.
If we consider the definition of rehabilitation as "a set of measures that assist individuals who experience, or are likely to experience, disability to achieve and maintain optimal functioning in interaction with their environments”, then rehabilitation is in effect composed of multiple components or "interventions" to address issues related to all domains within the World Health Organisation's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) including: body functions and structures, capacity for activities, the performance of activities, participation, environmental/contextual factors, and personal factors.[1].png)
Most individuals participating in rehabilitation require interventions addressing one, many or all of the components of the ICF that are contributing to reduced functioning, with the overriding goal of rehabilitation being to utilise appropriate interventions that allow the individual to optimise their function.[1] Given this, individuals with health conditions or injuries may require rehabilitation at various points in time across the course of their lifespan. The timing and type of intervention that a rehabilitation provider selects depend greatly on several factors which include: the aetiology and severity of the person’s health condition; the prognosis; the way in which the person’s condition affects their ability to function in their environment; as well as the individual’s identified personal goals and what it is they want to achieve from the rehabilitation process.
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