Humerus: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Humerus.gif|thumb|<ref>http://www.bartleby.com/107/illus207.html</ref>]]
[[File:Humerus.gif|thumb|<ref>http://www.bartleby.com/107/illus207.html</ref>]]


=== Upper extremity features ===
=== Upper Extremity Features ===
# The head (caput humeri) is the articular surface of the upper extremity, which is an irregular hemisphere.
The head (caput humeri) is the articular surface of the upper extremity, which is an irregular hemisphere.
# The anatomical neck is the part between the head and the tuberosities.
# The surgical neck is the part between the tuberosities and the shaft.
# The greater tuberosity it is located lateral to the head.
# The lesser tuberosity is located inferior to the head, on the anterior part of the humerus, Its very prominent and palpable.
# Bicipital (intertubercular) groove is located between the  two tuberosities. The Biceps tendon is placed here.


=== Body features ===
The anatomical neck is the part between the head and the tuberosities.
 
The surgical neck is the part between the tuberosities and the shaft.
 
The greater tuberosity it is located lateral to the head.
 
The lesser tuberosity is located inferior to the head, on the anterior part of the humerus, Its very prominent and palpable.
 
Bicipital (intertubercular) groove is located between the  two tuberosities. The Biceps tendon is placed here.
 
=== Body Features ===
The body of the humerus has three borders and three surfaces.
The body of the humerus has three borders and three surfaces.


Borders:
==== Borders ====
* Anterior
# Anterior
* Lateral
# Lateral
* Medial
# Medial
Surfaces:
 
* Antero-lateral
==== Surfaces ====
* Antero-medial
# Antero-lateral
* Posterior
# Antero-medial
# Posterior


== Function ==
== Function ==
Humerus serve as an attachment to 13 muscles and 3 very important nerves which control the functions of hand and elbow pass through the humerus.<ref>https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-function-of-the-humerus-bone-in-the-human-arm</ref>
The Humerus serves as an attachment to 13 Muscles and 3 very important Nerves, which control the functions of hand and elbow, pass through the humerus.<ref>https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-function-of-the-humerus-bone-in-the-human-arm</ref>


== Articulations ==
== Articulations ==
# Articulatio Humeri
Articulatio Humeri
# Articulatio Cubiti
 
Articulatio Cubiti


== Muscle attachments ==
== Muscle Attachments ==
# Supraspinatus - Greater tubercle
{| class="wikitable"
# Infraspinatus - Greater tubercle
!Muscle
# Teres minor - Greater tubercle, upper part of the lateral border
!Attachment
# Subscapularis - Lesser tubercle
|-
# Pectoralis major - upper part of the anterior border
|Supraspinatus
# Triceps brachii - lower part of the lateral border, lateral supracondylar ridge
|Greater Tubercle
# Brachioradialis - lateral supracondylar ridge
|-
# Extensor carpi radialis longus - lateral supracondylar ridge
|Infraspinatus
# Teres major - crest of the lesser tubercle
|Greater Tubercle
# Coracobrachialis - crest of the lesser tubercle
|-
# Brachialis - medial supracondylar ridge
|Teres Minor
# Pronator teres - medial supracondylar ridge
|Greater Tubercle
# Latissimus dorsi - bicipital groove
Upper Part of the Lateral Border
|-
|Subscapularis  
|Lesser Tubercle
|-
|Pectoralis Major
|Upper Part of the Anterior Border
|-
|Triceps Brachii
|Lower Part of the Lateral Border
Lateral Supracondylar Ridge
|-
|Brachioradialis  
|Lateral Supracondylar Ridge
|-
|Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
|Lateral Supracondylar Ridge
|-
|Teres Major
|Crest of the Lesser Tubercle
|-
|Coracobrachialis
|Crest of the Lesser Tubercle
|-
|Brachialis
|Medial Supracondylar Ridge
|-
|Pronator Teres
|Medial Supracondylar Ridge
|-
|Latissimus Dorsi
|Bicipital Groove
|}


= References =
== References ==
<references />
<references />
Gray H., 2000, Anatomy of Human Body, Twentieth Edition, New York, Bartleby.com
Gray H., 2000, Anatomy of Human Body, Twentieth Edition, New York, Bartleby.com


[[User:Liridona Dervishi|Liridona Dervishi]]
[[User:Liridona Dervishi|Liridona Dervishi]]

Revision as of 00:55, 29 December 2017

Description[edit | edit source]

Humerus is a long bone which consists of a shaft (diaphysis) and two extremities (epiphysis). It is the longest bone of the upper extremity. It's name comes from the word "humorous" because when hitting it at the ulnar nerve it gives a strange "kind of funny" feeling.

Structure[edit | edit source]

[1]

Upper Extremity Features[edit | edit source]

The head (caput humeri) is the articular surface of the upper extremity, which is an irregular hemisphere.

The anatomical neck is the part between the head and the tuberosities.

The surgical neck is the part between the tuberosities and the shaft.

The greater tuberosity it is located lateral to the head.

The lesser tuberosity is located inferior to the head, on the anterior part of the humerus, Its very prominent and palpable.

Bicipital (intertubercular) groove is located between the two tuberosities. The Biceps tendon is placed here.

Body Features[edit | edit source]

The body of the humerus has three borders and three surfaces.

Borders[edit | edit source]

  1. Anterior
  2. Lateral
  3. Medial

Surfaces[edit | edit source]

  1. Antero-lateral
  2. Antero-medial
  3. Posterior

Function[edit | edit source]

The Humerus serves as an attachment to 13 Muscles and 3 very important Nerves, which control the functions of hand and elbow, pass through the humerus.[2]

Articulations[edit | edit source]

Articulatio Humeri

Articulatio Cubiti

Muscle Attachments[edit | edit source]

Muscle Attachment
Supraspinatus Greater Tubercle
Infraspinatus Greater Tubercle
Teres Minor Greater Tubercle

Upper Part of the Lateral Border

Subscapularis Lesser Tubercle
Pectoralis Major Upper Part of the Anterior Border
Triceps Brachii Lower Part of the Lateral Border

Lateral Supracondylar Ridge

Brachioradialis Lateral Supracondylar Ridge
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Lateral Supracondylar Ridge
Teres Major Crest of the Lesser Tubercle
Coracobrachialis Crest of the Lesser Tubercle
Brachialis Medial Supracondylar Ridge
Pronator Teres Medial Supracondylar Ridge
Latissimus Dorsi Bicipital Groove

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ http://www.bartleby.com/107/illus207.html
  2. ↑ https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-function-of-the-humerus-bone-in-the-human-arm

Gray H., 2000, Anatomy of Human Body, Twentieth Edition, New York, Bartleby.com

Liridona Dervishi

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