Foundations for Ankle Foot Orthoses

Original Editor - Carin Hunter based on the course by Donna Fisher
Top Contributors - Carin Hunter, Jess Bell, Kim Jackson and Tarina van der Stockt

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Types of AFO[edit | edit source]

  • AFO - Ankle Foot Orthosis
  • GRAFO - Ground Reaction Ankle Foot Orthosis
  • DAFO - Dynamic Ankle Foot Orthosis
  • SMAFO- Supramalleolar Ankle Foot Orthosis
  • Custom Made
  • Off the shelf

Orthotic Assessment  [edit | edit source]

Passive Assessment:

  • Range of Motion (ROM)
  • Muscle Power
  • Proprioception
  • Sensation
  • Leg Length
  • ROM Foot/Ankle

Active Assessment:

  • Level of mobility
  • Gait Pattern
  • Compensation Mechanisms o Instability
  • Risk of injury
  • Pain

Gait Cycle[edit | edit source]

Normal Gait Cycle:

Pathological Gait Cycle:

  • Pain
  • Joint ROM limitations
  • Muscle weakness/ paralysis
  • Neurological deficit
  • Sensory deficit
  • Leg length  

Pathologies[edit | edit source]

  • Paediatrics:
    • Neural Tube Dysfunction??? / Spina Bifida
    • Cerebral Palsy
    • Muscular Dystrophy
  • Cerebral Vascular Accident – Early intervention
  • Multiple Sclerosis – Progressive
  • Polio  
  • Neuropathy
    • HMSN
    • Diabetes
    • Tumor
  • Trauma
    • Nerve injury
    • Pain
    • Instability

Goal setting/ Prescription[edit | edit source]

  • Positioning
  • Provide Support
  • Prevent contractures
  • Improve mobility
  • Increase stability
  • Patient Needs
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