Facial Trauma: Difference between revisions
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Trauma to the face and head can be caused by a number of events: explosions, gunshot, road traffic accidents, falling masonry, flying glass, etc. | Trauma to the face and head can be caused by a number of events: explosions, gunshot, road traffic accidents, falling masonry, flying glass, etc. | ||
There can be bony damage - fractures in any of the bones of the head and face, but particularly common in the mandible - and also soft tissue. | There can be bony damage - fractures in any of the bones of the head and face, but particularly common in the mandible and nose - and also soft tissue injury. CT scanning is essential as this shows fractures of facial bones more reliably than plain X-ray, and also shows soft tissue injury<ref>Jordan JR, Calhoun KH (2006). [https://books.google.com/books?id=u5o3illp9CUC&pg=RA1-PA935&dq=facial+trauma "Management of soft tissue trauma and auricular trauma"]. In Bailey BJ, Johnson JT, Newlands SD, et al. (eds.). ''Head & Neck Surgery: Otolaryngology''. Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 935–36.</ref>. | ||
Initial repair following serious facial trauma is performed by surgeons; fractured bones will be plated or wired, skin and soft tissue lacerations will be stitched, large areas of severe soft tissue damage may require grafting. | Initial repair following serious facial trauma is performed by surgeons; fractured bones will be plated or wired, skin and soft tissue lacerations will be stitched, large areas of severe soft tissue damage may require grafting. | ||
It is important to be aware that a number of patients who suffer trauma to the upper regions of the face also suffer from brain injury<ref>Perry M (March 2008). "Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) and facial trauma: can one size fit all? Part 1: dilemmas in the management of the multiply injured patient with coexisting facial injuries". ''International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery''. '''37''' (3): 209–14</ref>. | |||
The physiotherapy rehabilitation of these patients is thus largely post operative rehabilitation. | The physiotherapy rehabilitation of these patients is thus largely post operative rehabilitation. | ||
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The face has a very rich blood supply, so healing is usually rapid. | The face has a very rich blood supply, so healing is usually rapid. | ||
=== Soft Tissue Injury === | |||
In areas of thin skin (eg. the eyelids) sutures can normally be removed after just 3-4 days, and elsewhere on the face they are often removed after 6 days<ref>Ardeshirpour F, Shaye DA, Hilger PA. | In areas of thin skin (eg. the eyelids) sutures can normally be removed after just 3-4 days, and elsewhere on the face they are often removed after 6 days<ref>Ardeshirpour F, Shaye DA, Hilger PA. | ||
Improving posttraumatic facial scars. ''Otolaryngol Clin North Am''. 2013 Oct. 46(5):867-8 | |||
</ref>. Sutures in cartilage, for example the ear or the nose, are often left in situ for 10-14 days. | |||
=== Bony Injury === | |||
Surgical repair is often required for bony injury, which may involve wiring or plating, or more substantial surgical techniques to rebuild the damaged bone | |||
== Sub Heading 3 == | == Sub Heading 3 == | ||
Revision as of 20:10, 11 October 2020
Original Editor - User: Wendy Walker
Top Contributors - Wendy Walker, Jess Bell, Tarina van der Stockt, Kim Jackson, Ewa Jaraczewska, Lucinda hampton, Wanda van Niekerk, Aminat Abolade, Nupur Smit Shah and Rishika Babburu
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Trauma to the face and head can be caused by a number of events: explosions, gunshot, road traffic accidents, falling masonry, flying glass, etc.
There can be bony damage - fractures in any of the bones of the head and face, but particularly common in the mandible and nose - and also soft tissue injury. CT scanning is essential as this shows fractures of facial bones more reliably than plain X-ray, and also shows soft tissue injury[1].
Initial repair following serious facial trauma is performed by surgeons; fractured bones will be plated or wired, skin and soft tissue lacerations will be stitched, large areas of severe soft tissue damage may require grafting.
It is important to be aware that a number of patients who suffer trauma to the upper regions of the face also suffer from brain injury[2].
The physiotherapy rehabilitation of these patients is thus largely post operative rehabilitation.
Initial Stages[edit | edit source]
The face has a very rich blood supply, so healing is usually rapid.
Soft Tissue Injury[edit | edit source]
In areas of thin skin (eg. the eyelids) sutures can normally be removed after just 3-4 days, and elsewhere on the face they are often removed after 6 days[3]. Sutures in cartilage, for example the ear or the nose, are often left in situ for 10-14 days.
Bony Injury[edit | edit source]
Surgical repair is often required for bony injury, which may involve wiring or plating, or more substantial surgical techniques to rebuild the damaged bone
Sub Heading 3[edit | edit source]
Resources[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Jordan JR, Calhoun KH (2006). "Management of soft tissue trauma and auricular trauma". In Bailey BJ, Johnson JT, Newlands SD, et al. (eds.). Head & Neck Surgery: Otolaryngology. Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 935–36.
- ↑ Perry M (March 2008). "Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) and facial trauma: can one size fit all? Part 1: dilemmas in the management of the multiply injured patient with coexisting facial injuries". International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 37 (3): 209–14
- ↑ Ardeshirpour F, Shaye DA, Hilger PA. Improving posttraumatic facial scars. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2013 Oct. 46(5):867-8
