Brachioradialis: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
== Description: == | == Description: == | ||
It is the most superficial muscle on the radial side of the forearm. It forms the lateral side of the cubital fossa. It's often fused proximally with the brachialis. It has a thin belly descends in the mid forearm, where its long flat tendon begins, then the tendon continues to the radius.<ref name="Anatomy.">Helen J.Hislop Jacqueline Montgomery,Muscle Testing,2007,8th edition.</ref> | It is the most superficial muscle on the radial side of the forearm. It forms the lateral side of the cubital fossa. It's often fused proximally with the brachialis. It has a thin belly that descends in the mid forearm, where its long flat tendon begins, then the tendon continues to the radius.<ref name="Anatomy.">Helen J.Hislop Jacqueline Montgomery,Muscle Testing,2007,8th edition.</ref> | ||
== Origin: == | |||
Humerus (lateral supracondylar rigid) and lateral intermuscular septum.<ref name="Anatomy." /><br> | Humerus (lateral supracondylar rigid) and lateral intermuscular septum.<ref name="Anatomy." /><br> | ||
== Insertion: == | |||
Radius (just proximal to styloid process) <ref name="Anatomy." /><br> | Radius (just proximal to styloid process) <ref name="Anatomy." /><br> | ||
== Nerve: == | |||
C5-C6 radial nerve (C7 innervation sometimes cited)<ref name="Anatomy." /> | The brachioradialis is innervated by the C5-C6 segments. Due to its location in the posterior compartment of the forearm it is innervated by the radial nerve. (C7 innervation sometimes cited)<ref name="Anatomy." /> | ||
== Artery: == | |||
Radial recurrent artery from the radial artery.<ref>Brachioradialis anatomy study, http://thewellnessdigest.com/brachioradialis-anatomy (accessed 27 April 2017)</ref> | Radial recurrent artery from the radial artery.<ref>Brachioradialis anatomy study, http://thewellnessdigest.com/brachioradialis-anatomy (accessed 27 April 2017)</ref> | ||
== Function: == | == Function: == | ||
The brachioradialis flexes the forearm at the elbow. Depending on the position of the hand during the flexion, the brachioradialis can tend to move the hand to, neutral. For example, when the forearm is pronated, as the elbow flexes the brachioradialis will supinate the hand. | |||
A recent study EMG study found that while neutral forearm is thought the be the strongest, the greatest EMG activity from the brachioradialis occurs during elbow flexion tasks regardless of forearm position. The study also found that during rotational tasks, more EMG activity was recorded during pronation as compared to supination tasks.<ref>Boland MR, Spigelman T, Uhl TL. The function of brachioradialis. J Hand Surg Am. 2008 Dec;33(10):1853–9.</ref> | |||
== Clinical relevance: == | == Clinical relevance: == | ||
Revision as of 23:58, 4 July 2018
Original Editor - Asma Alshehri
Top Contributors - Asma Alshehri, Eric Henderson, Lilian Ashraf, Nikhil Benhur Abburi, Admin and WikiSysop
Description:[edit | edit source]
It is the most superficial muscle on the radial side of the forearm. It forms the lateral side of the cubital fossa. It's often fused proximally with the brachialis. It has a thin belly that descends in the mid forearm, where its long flat tendon begins, then the tendon continues to the radius.[1]
Origin:[edit | edit source]
Humerus (lateral supracondylar rigid) and lateral intermuscular septum.[1]
Insertion:[edit | edit source]
Radius (just proximal to styloid process) [1]
Nerve:[edit | edit source]
The brachioradialis is innervated by the C5-C6 segments. Due to its location in the posterior compartment of the forearm it is innervated by the radial nerve. (C7 innervation sometimes cited)[1]
Artery:[edit | edit source]
Radial recurrent artery from the radial artery.[2]
Function:[edit | edit source]
The brachioradialis flexes the forearm at the elbow. Depending on the position of the hand during the flexion, the brachioradialis can tend to move the hand to, neutral. For example, when the forearm is pronated, as the elbow flexes the brachioradialis will supinate the hand.
A recent study EMG study found that while neutral forearm is thought the be the strongest, the greatest EMG activity from the brachioradialis occurs during elbow flexion tasks regardless of forearm position. The study also found that during rotational tasks, more EMG activity was recorded during pronation as compared to supination tasks.[3]
Clinical relevance:[edit | edit source]
If this muscle is too tight and/or contains trigger points, it can send pain to your elbow and forearm.
Additionally, you might feel pain on the back of your hand or between your thumb and index finger. Thus it may contribute to the tennis elbow pain. [4]
Assessment:[edit | edit source]
- Palpation
Palpation will be on the proximal volar surface of the forearm
- Muscle power
The MMT is usually done for the three main elbow flexors (biceps, brachialis and brachioradialis) by asking the patient to bend his/her elbow against resistance and start grading, but in try to focus on the brachioradialis, we will ask the patient to bend the the forearm with some degree of pronation (midposition)
Note: the wrist flexor muscles should remain relaxed throughout the test, because strongly contracting wrist flexors may assist in elbow flexion. [1]
Treatment:[edit | edit source]
- Strengthening exercise:
In supine, sitting or standing position and by having the forearm in midposition, slowly start bending with any suitable type and degree of resistance given by the therapist, such as dumbbells, sand packs or theraband.
- Stretching exercise:
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Helen J.Hislop Jacqueline Montgomery,Muscle Testing,2007,8th edition.
- ↑ Brachioradialis anatomy study, http://thewellnessdigest.com/brachioradialis-anatomy (accessed 27 April 2017)
- ↑ Boland MR, Spigelman T, Uhl TL. The function of brachioradialis. J Hand Surg Am. 2008 Dec;33(10):1853–9.
- ↑ Brachioradialis muscle pain and trigger points, https://www.muscle-joint-pain.com/trigger-points/trigger-point-self-treatment/brachioradialis (accessed 29 April 2017)
