Bladder Considerations with Spinal Cord Injury: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
The bladder becomes neurogenic or neuropathic when it no longer receives an input from the brain to empty or | The bladder becomes neurogenic or neuropathic when it no longer receives an input from the brain to empty or store the urine. This interruption in communication occurs after a spinal cord injury (SCI) as the brain is not able to sent or receive signals to and from the organs below the level of injury. Urologic complications can be severe and life threatening. The pattern of bowel dysfunction varies depending on the level of injury. The complications of neurogenic bowel dysfunction include constipation, obstructive defecation, and fecal incontinence. <ref>Hughes M. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4174229/pdf/10-1055-s-0034-1383904.pdf Bowel management in spinal cord injury patients]. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2014 Sep;27(3):113-5</ref> Bowel and bladder dysfunction can cause major restrictions in person's social activities and quality of life. <ref>Khadour FA, Khadour YA, Xu J, Meng L, Cui L, Xu T. [https://josr-online.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13018-023-03946-8 Effect of neurogenic bowel dysfunction symptoms on quality of life after a spinal cord injury.] J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18(458). </ref> There is no single program that can work for every patient, but bladder and bowel dysfunction management program is a fundamental step following the initial spinal cord injury. | ||
This article supplies additional information for the Bladder and Bowel Consideration with Spinal Cord Injury course | This article supplies additional information for the Bladder and Bowel Consideration with Spinal Cord Injury course | ||
== Bladder Management == | == Bladder Management == | ||
The location of the spinal cord lesion defines bladder dysfunction. Table 1 demonstrates storage and voiding dysfunction in relation to the level of the spinal cord lesion. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ | |||
!Spinal Cord Lesion | |||
!Bladder dysfunction | |||
|- | |||
|Suprasacral (Upper Motor Neuron Injury) | |||
| | |||
* Overactive Detrusor | |||
* Hyperreflexic External Urethral Sphincter | |||
* Detrusor Sphincter Dyssynergia (DSD) | |||
* Urinary incontinence | |||
|- | |||
|Mix (Upper and Lower Motor Neuron Injury) | |||
| | |||
* Overactive Detrusor | |||
* Hyperreflexic or Flaccid External Urethral Sphincter | |||
* Detrusor Sphincter Dyssynergia (DSD) or Detrusor Sphincter Areflexia | |||
* Urinary incontinence | |||
|- | |||
|Sacral (Lower Motor Neurone Injury) | |||
| | |||
* Areflexic or Flaccid Detrusor | |||
* External Urethral Sphincter Areflexia/Flaccidity | |||
* Overflow Urinary Incontinence | |||
|} | |||
Two types of neurogenic bladder in spinal cord injury: | Two types of neurogenic bladder in spinal cord injury: | ||
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== Resources == | == Resources == | ||
* | *Perez NE, Godbole NP, Amin K, Syan R, Gater DR Jr. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9225534/pdf/jpm-12-00968.pdf Neurogenic Bladder Physiology, Pathogenesis, and Management after Spinal Cord Injury]. J Pers Med. 2022 Jun 14;12(6):968. | ||
*x | *x | ||
or | or | ||
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Introduction[edit | edit source]
The bladder becomes neurogenic or neuropathic when it no longer receives an input from the brain to empty or store the urine. This interruption in communication occurs after a spinal cord injury (SCI) as the brain is not able to sent or receive signals to and from the organs below the level of injury. Urologic complications can be severe and life threatening. The pattern of bowel dysfunction varies depending on the level of injury. The complications of neurogenic bowel dysfunction include constipation, obstructive defecation, and fecal incontinence. [1] Bowel and bladder dysfunction can cause major restrictions in person's social activities and quality of life. [2] There is no single program that can work for every patient, but bladder and bowel dysfunction management program is a fundamental step following the initial spinal cord injury.
This article supplies additional information for the Bladder and Bowel Consideration with Spinal Cord Injury course
Bladder Management[edit | edit source]
The location of the spinal cord lesion defines bladder dysfunction. Table 1 demonstrates storage and voiding dysfunction in relation to the level of the spinal cord lesion.
| Spinal Cord Lesion | Bladder dysfunction |
|---|---|
| Suprasacral (Upper Motor Neuron Injury) |
|
| Mix (Upper and Lower Motor Neuron Injury) |
|
| Sacral (Lower Motor Neurone Injury) |
|
Two types of neurogenic bladder in spinal cord injury:
- Spastic bladder
- Flaccid bladder
Spastic Bladder[edit | edit source]
- Observed in people with a SCI above T12 (Upper motor neuron SCI)
Sub Heading 3[edit | edit source]
Resources[edit | edit source]
- Perez NE, Godbole NP, Amin K, Syan R, Gater DR Jr. Neurogenic Bladder Physiology, Pathogenesis, and Management after Spinal Cord Injury. J Pers Med. 2022 Jun 14;12(6):968.
- x
or
- numbered list
- x
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Hughes M. Bowel management in spinal cord injury patients. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2014 Sep;27(3):113-5
- ↑ Khadour FA, Khadour YA, Xu J, Meng L, Cui L, Xu T. Effect of neurogenic bowel dysfunction symptoms on quality of life after a spinal cord injury. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18(458).
