Apprehension Test: Difference between revisions
Tyler Shultz (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
Tyler Shultz (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
== Technique<br> == | == Technique<br> == | ||
The patient should be position in supine. The therapist will flex the patient's elbow to 90 degrees and abducts the patient's shoulder to 90 degrees, maintaining neutral rotation. The examiner then slowly applies an external rotation force to the arm to 90 degrees while carefully monitoring the patient<ref>Flynn, T.W., Cleland, J.A., Whitman, J.M. (2008). User's guide to the musculoskeletal examination: Fundamentals for the evidence-based clinician. Buckner, Kentucky: Evidence in Motion</ref>. Patient apprehension from this maneuver, not pain, is considered a positive test. Pain with the maneuver, but not apprehension may indicate a pathology other than instability, such as posterior impingement of the rotator cuff<ref>Dutton, M. (2008). Orthopaedic: Examination, evaluation, and intervention (2nd ed.). New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.</ref>.<br> | The patient should be position in supine. The therapist will flex the patient's elbow to 90 degrees and abducts the patient's shoulder to 90 degrees, maintaining neutral rotation. The examiner then slowly applies an external rotation force to the arm to 90 degrees while carefully monitoring the patient<ref>Flynn, T.W., Cleland, J.A., Whitman, J.M. (2008). User's guide to the musculoskeletal examination: Fundamentals for the evidence-based clinician. Buckner, Kentucky: Evidence in Motion</ref>. Patient apprehension from this maneuver, not pain, is considered a positive test. Pain with the maneuver, but not apprehension may indicate a pathology other than instability, such as posterior impingement of the rotator cuff<ref>Dutton, M. (2008). Orthopaedic: Examination, evaluation, and intervention (2nd ed.). New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.</ref>.<br> | ||
{| width="100%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1 | |||
{| width="100%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" align="center" | |||
|- | |- | ||
| {{#ev:youtube|qKqJRrms4u8|300}} | | | ||
{{#ev:youtube|qKqJRrms4u8|300}} | |||
| {{#ev:youtube|gLBX8vUnCo0|300}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
| <ref>online video, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qKqJRrms4u8, last accessed 02/02/09</ref> | | <ref>online video, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qKqJRrms4u8, last accessed 02/02/09</ref><br> | ||
| <ref>Online video, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gLBX8vUnCo0, last accessed 02/02/09</ref><br> | |||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 05:29, 3 February 2009
Expert Opinion[edit | edit source]
|
Link to Expert |
|---|
| If you would like to be the expert on this page, please contact us. |
Purpose
[edit | edit source]
The Apprehension test is generally used to test the integrity of the glenohumeral joint capsule, or to assess glenohumeral instability.
Technique
[edit | edit source]
The patient should be position in supine. The therapist will flex the patient's elbow to 90 degrees and abducts the patient's shoulder to 90 degrees, maintaining neutral rotation. The examiner then slowly applies an external rotation force to the arm to 90 degrees while carefully monitoring the patient[1]. Patient apprehension from this maneuver, not pain, is considered a positive test. Pain with the maneuver, but not apprehension may indicate a pathology other than instability, such as posterior impingement of the rotator cuff[2].
| [3] |
[4] |
Evidence[edit | edit source]
| Sensitivity | 0.53 |
| Specificity | 0.99 |
| Positive Likelihood Ratio | 53.0 |
| Negative Likelihood Ratio | 0.47 |
Test Item Cluster: If found positive, the Apprehension test is often combined with the Jobes Relocation test.
References
[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Flynn, T.W., Cleland, J.A., Whitman, J.M. (2008). User's guide to the musculoskeletal examination: Fundamentals for the evidence-based clinician. Buckner, Kentucky: Evidence in Motion
- ↑ Dutton, M. (2008). Orthopaedic: Examination, evaluation, and intervention (2nd ed.). New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
- ↑ online video, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qKqJRrms4u8, last accessed 02/02/09
- ↑ Online video, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gLBX8vUnCo0, last accessed 02/02/09
- ↑ Flynn, T.W., Cleland, J.A., Whitman, J.M. (2008). User's guide to the musculoskeletal examination: Fundamentals for the evidence-based clinician. Buckner, Kentucky: Evidence in Motion
