Graves' Disease
Original Editors - Erin Shinkle from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.
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Definition/Description[edit | edit source]
Graves’ is classified as an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid goiter, hyperthyroidism, ophthalmopathy, and occasionally dermopathy.(ginsberg) It is known for increasing the thyroid stimulating hormone raising the T4 levels causing hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism can manifest itself in multiple systems(link to hyperthyroidism)
Prevalence[edit | edit source]
Graves’ disease is more prevalent in the Caucasian race effecting more women than men at a ratio of 4:1 and ages range from 30-60years (Hemmiki and DD). Graves’ disease accounts for 85% of all cases of hyperthyroidism. (Pathology)
Characteristics/Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
Goiter, Exophthalmos, tremors, tachycardia with palpitations, heat intolerances, weight loss, increased deep tendon reflexes, weakness and muscle atrophy, increased cardiac output, myasthenia gravis, thin hair, warm moist skin, sensitivity to light, dysphasia, diarrhea, amenorrhea, polyuria, and many other presentations some of which may not be as common and more subtle. (pathology)
Associated Co-morbidities[edit | edit source]
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Medications[edit | edit source]
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Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values[edit | edit source]
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Etiology/Causes[edit | edit source]
Has both a genetic, lack of suppressor t-cells causing increase in TSH receptor antibodies, and environmental causes which includes, but not limited to the following: stress, smoking, post pardum, and infections (Hemminki and ginsburg)
Systemic Involvement[edit | edit source]
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Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Alternative/Holistic Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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Case Reports/ Case Studies[edit | edit source]
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Resources
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Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
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