Hemorrhagic Stroke: Intracerebral Hemorrhage
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Introduction[edit | edit source]
15% of acute strokes are hemorrhagic strokes which are caused by bursting of a blood vessel i.e. acute hemorrhage. There are two main types of hemorrhagic strokes, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and subarachnoid hemorrhage which accounts for about 5% of all strokes. This page is about ICH ie bleeding within the brain tissue itself — a life-threatening type of stroke. A stroke occurs when the brain is deprived of oxygen and blood supply[1].
- Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating event, carrying a very high morbidity and mortality rate that have not changed over the last 30 years.
- Hypertension and age-related amyloid angiopathy are the strongest risk factors for ICH, but smoking, anticoagulation with warfarin, excessive alcohol intake and cocaine also increase risk.[2]
- At one year, mortality ranges from 51% to 65% depending on the location of the hemorrhage. Half of these deaths occur in the first two days and at six months, only 20% of patients are expected to be independent.
- The incidence of hemorrhage increases exponentially with age and is higher in men than in women[2].
Clinically Relevant Anatomy[edit | edit source]
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Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process[edit | edit source]
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Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
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Diagnostic Procedures[edit | edit source]
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Outcome Measures[edit | edit source]
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Management / Interventions[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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Resources[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Tadi P, Lui F. Acute Stroke (Cerebrovascular Accident). Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK535369/ (last accessed 31.12.2019)
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Rymer MM. Hemorrhagic stroke: intracerebral hemorrhage. Missouri medicine. 2011 Jan;108(1):50.Available from:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6188453/ (last accessed 31.12.2019)
