Locked-In Syndrome

 

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Clinically Relevant Anatomy

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Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process

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Clinical Presentation

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Diagnostic Procedures

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Outcome Measures

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Management / Interventions

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Differential Diagnosis

LIS can present in a similar clinical manner to various other conditions and therefore should be thought of while assessing a patient, in order to provide a correct diagnosis (Laureys, 2010). Potential alternate disorders or conditions that present in a similar clinical manner to LIS include Guillain-Barre syndrome, myasthenia gravis, poliomyelitis, polyneuritis, or bilateral brainstem tumours (Laureys, 2010).Furthermore, LIS could be mistaken as Akinetic mutism, which is a rare neurological condition where the individual will not move (akinetic) or talk (mute) despite being awake (Laureys, 2010).

Finally, LIS diagnosis can be missed and mistaken as being in a vegetative state (Laureys, 2010). This is even more common in those with vision or hearing problems, which makes the LIS diagnosis even more difficult (Laureys, 2010).

Key Evidence

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Resources

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Case Studies

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