Template:PCPP
Original Editors - Students from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.
Top Contributors - Victoria Loving, Kacie McClendon, Admin, Erica Shelley, Elaine Lonnemann, James Chad Cissell, Tony Lowe, Jason Larimore, Olivia Tefera, Wendy Walker and Kim Jackson
Definition/Description[edit source]
- Cervicitis is defined as the inflammatory response of the cervix to a particular stimuli
- Can be acute or chronic; with chronic occurring due to inadequate treatment or recurrent inflammation
- Non-specific cervicitis is the most common; meaning that it is unrelated to an STI like chlamydia or gonnorhea
- A single instance or acute cervicitis is usually due to an infection like chlamydia or gonnorhea, while chronic is typically due to a non-infectious source
- If left untreated cervicitis can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease
Prevalence[edit source]
- Cervicitis is currently rarely reported to epidemiologists making true numbers for prevalence roughly estimated from about 8%-40%
- About 61% of cervicitis cases are of unknown etiology
Characteristics/Clinical Presentation[edit source]
- In many case cervicitis remains asymptomatic
- If symptomatic, person may experience vaginal discharge, dyspereunia, intermenstrual bleeding, or postcoital bleeding
- Occasionally will present in an abnormal fashion, such as a cervical growth or uterovaginal prolapse, but that is rare and usually due to delayed or no treatment
Associated Co-morbidities[edit source]
- In many cases, Mycoplasma Gentialium bacteria occurs simultaneously with cervicitis
- Gonnorhea and chlamydia is also commonly found in correlation with cervicitis
Medications[edit source]
- Antibiotics are frequently given once cervicitis is found
- No other medications are usually prescribed to help with this condition
Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values[edit source]
- In order to diagnose a culture is taken to look for mucopurulent discharge
- Culture taken to look for specific bacteria like chlamydia, gonnorhea, or mycoplasma genitalium
Etiology/Causes[edit source]
- Cervicitis can be associated with preterm childbirth and pelvic inflammatory disease
- Chlamydia, gonnorhea, trichomonas, bacterial vaginosis and mycoplasma genitalium are all seen to contribute to acture, infectious cervicitis
- Decreased use of condoms with sexual activity are shown to increase the risk for acquiring cervicitis
- Lower education and multiple sexual partners were also seen to contribute to the condition
- Cytomegalovirus has recently been shown to lead to cervicitis as well
Systemic Involvement[edit source]
- Untreated, cervicitis can lea to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
- Postcoital bleeding is also a common occurence when cervicitis in inadequately or not treated
Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit source]
- Best evidence, is currently antibiotic therapies
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine is now being introduced to treat this diagnosis
Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[edit source]
- Electrotherapy
- Magnet therapy
- Heat therapy
- Light therapy
- External high frequency calorimetry
- Low frequency pulsed ultrasound therapy
- Iontophoresis
- Shortwave ultrasound combined with intermediate frequency electrical stimulation
- Ozone therapy
- Shortwave diathermy
Differential Diagnosis[edit source]
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Case Reports/ Case Studies[edit source]
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Resources
[edit source]
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Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit source]
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References[edit source]
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