Migraine Headache
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Definition/Description[edit | edit source]
Migraine is a chronic, episodic primary headache. Symptoms typically last 4 to 72 hours and may be severe. Pain is often but not always unilateral, throbbing, worse with exertion, and accompanied by autonomic symptoms (eg, nausea; sensitivity to light, sound, or odors). Fortification spectra and other transient focal neurologic deficits occur in a few patients, usually just before the headache, also known as aura.[1] Diagnosis of migraine can usually be made by history alone. Treatment includes lifestyle changes (diet, exercise, sleeping habits), medications including NSAIDs, analgesics, serotonin receptor agonists, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and antiemetics.
Prevalence[edit | edit source]
Migraine headaches are the second most common type of primary headache. An estimated 28 million people in the United States (about 12% of the population) will experience migraine headaches at some point.[2] Lifetime prevalence is 18% for women and 6% for men in the US. It most commonly begins during puberty or young adulthood, waxing and waning in frequency and severity over the ensuing years and usually diminishing after age 50.[1] In 90% of migraineurs, the first attack generally develops before the age of 40 years. In women the frequency of headaches is highest during their reproductive years, when estrogen levels are higher, and decreases to some extent after menopause. About 45% of cases of migraine emerge during childhood or adolescence. Migraine with aura is more likely to develop at an earlier age than migraine without aura.[2]
Characteristics/Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
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Associated Co-morbidities[edit | edit source]
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Medications[edit | edit source]
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Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values[edit | edit source]
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Causes[edit | edit source]
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Systemic Involvement[edit | edit source]
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Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Alternative/Holistic Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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Case Reports[edit | edit source]
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Resources
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References[edit | edit source]
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- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Beers MH, Porter RS, Jones TV, Kaplan JL, Berkwits M. The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy 18th ed. Whitehouse Station:Merck Research Laboratories; 2006: 1847-1849
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Goodman CC, Fuller KS. Pathology: Implications for the Physical Therapist 3rd ed. St. Louis: Saunders Elsevier; 2009: 1551-1559.
