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This guide gives a general overview of the anatomy of the thoracic spine. It also includes some facts regarding pathophysiology in this region. The sagittal plane alignment of the Thoracic spine is on average 35% (normal range is 20° to 50°).<ref name=":2" />

...s. The Posterior Chain refers to the structures at the back of the leg and spine. The main muscles that make up the Posterior Chain are the [[Gastrocnemius| ...of chronic low back pain with lumbar extensor strengthening exercises. The Spine Journal. 2008 Feb 29;8(1):96-113.</ref> highlighted this as a way to exerci

[[File:Osteoarthritic Spine (48605563867).png|right|frameless|alt=|476x476px]] ...and intervertebral disc degeneration: Quite different, quite similar.] JOR spine. 2018 Dec;1(4):e1033.Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PM

...at cover the [[Back Muscles|back muscles]] in the lower [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] and lumbar area before passing through these muscles to attach to the [[s ..., [[spasticity]] and increased tone in the lower thoracic spine and lumbar spine / paraspinal regions causing severe [[Pain Behaviours|pain]]<nowiki/>s. <re

...ck, being anatomically able to control segmental movements of the cervical spine in concert with the [[Cervical Deep Neck Flexors|deep cervical flexors.]]<r ...mbar Multifidus|Multifidus]] - which acts as a segmental stabiliser as the spine moves. It is thought that the unique design of the multifidus endows it wit

...ams for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis: a randomized clinical trial. Spine. 2006;31:2541-2549.</ref><ref>Reiman MP, Weisbach PC, Glynn PE. The hips in 2. Interventions aimed at the lumbar spine have been used to treat:

...awling on all fours, at a certain moment, the [[Spine Segmental Assessment|spine]] gets exposed to a mobilizing, exercising and corrective influence, so he ...e imbalance in the body leading to negative effects and impairments of the spine.

...ements in pain and disability following the application of cervicothoracic spine thrust and nonthrust manipulation. <ref name="Mintken">Mintken PE, Cleland ...manual therapy techniques were supplemented with two general cervical and thoracic mobility exercises. The participants performed these exercises, 10 repetiti

...icle/abs/pii/S1360859219302207 Physiotherapist survey: Increasing thoracic spine movement within the management of chronic subacromial impingement syndrome] ...t tissue compliance). In this scenario, the aim of treatment is to improve thoracic extension, especially during the identified provocative activity or activit

...sal in humans - towards the back, dorsal in animals = directed towards the spine * Front limb - the thoracic or pectoral limb

==Spine== ...ass="col-xs-12 col-md-6 col-lg-4">[[Image:Sagittal section of the cervical spine Primal.png|200px|center]]<br>

[[File:Latissimus+Dorsi+Origin+Spinous+processes+of+inferior+6+thoracic+vertebrae,+thoracolumbar+fascia,+iliac+crest,+and+inferior+3+or+4+ribs..jpg ...s a broad, flat muscle that occupies the majority of the lower posterior [[Thoracic Anatomy|thorax]]. The muscle's primary function is of the upper extremity b

Innervation of the QL is via the twelfth [[Thoracic Spinal Nerves|thoracic nerve]] and the spinal rami of the lumbar [[Spinal Nerves|spinal nerves]]. ...texts describe the quadratus lumborum muscle as an extensor of the lumbar spine, a [[Lumbar Instability|stabilizer of the lumbar]] area, capable of [[Pelvi

...nerves Available: https://musculoskeletalkey.com/nerves-innervation-of-the-spine/<nowiki/>(accessed 6.2.2022)</ref> ...ht [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical]] spinal nerve pairs, 12 [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] pairs , five [[lumbar]] pairs, five [[Sacrum|sacral]] pairs, and one cocc

...of the extremities and SNAGS (sustained natural apophyseal glides) of the spine were first coined by Brian R. Mulligan <ref>Mulligan, BR: Manual Therapy � ...t if a headache stops with a manual technique involving the upper cervical spine then, this must be diagnostically significant as to the site of the lesion

.... Manual Therapy 2009;14 (1), 52–60.</ref>. In the [[Lumbar Anatomy|lumbar spine]] this approach is now well established. In the management of non-specific ...(2),181–191.</ref><ref name=":1" />.Changes in the alignment of the lumbar spine have been noted in subjects with flexion-related lumbar pain<ref name=":1"

...unction, flexibility, range of motion and angle of the thoracic and lumbar spine.] ''Fisioterapia e Pesquisa'', ''23''(4), pp.394-401. Available from: htt ...d flags]], [[Spinal Masqueraders|spinal masqueraders]], suspected [[Lumbar Spine Fracture|spinal fracture]] be sure to liaise with appropriate medics and in

...ain/causes-intercostal-muscle-strain Causes of Intercostal Muscle Strain]. Spine-health. October 2017</ref> ...-symptoms-and-diagnosis Intercostal Muscle Strain Symptoms and Diagnosis]. Spine-health.</ref>

...ted to the particular orientation, structure, and function of the thoracic spine in the vertebral column. ...weight of the of the axial skeleton as compared to the thoracic and sacral spine.

...ion (whilst paddling) increases the demands on the structures of the upper spine and associated soft tissues. ...nsion in the thoracic, increasing the demands of extension on the cervical spine.