Assessment and Exercise Interventions in Early and Middle Childhood Development: Difference between revisions
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Introduction | == Introduction == | ||
There are a range of assessment tools to screen children. | There are a range of assessment tools to both quickly screen and assess children in more detail. These assessments will highlight if a child has a specific developmental difficulty that may affect their school and sports readiness. | ||
== PhysiFun Checklist == | |||
The PhysiFun checklist has been developed to highlight to the teacher / therapist if a particular student needs help with any activity. It is also a useful feedback tool for parents. See Table 1. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+Table 1. PhysiFun Checklist | |||
!Age | |||
!Walking | |||
!Stairs | |||
!Ball Skills | |||
!Fine Motor | |||
|- | |||
|15 months | |||
|Walks alone, arms up, feet wide | |||
Starts voluntarily | |||
Falls, bumps into things | |||
|All fours upstairs | |||
Creeps backwards down | |||
|Kneels with support | |||
|Pincer grasp of small objects | |||
Palmar grasp of crayon | |||
To and fro scribbles | |||
Builds tower of 2 cubes after demonstration | |||
|- | |||
|18 months | |||
|Walks feet slightly apart | |||
Stops voluntarily | |||
Starts to jump | |||
Can walk backwards for a few steps | |||
|Upstairs with one hand held | |||
Creeps backward down | |||
Climbs to stand on chair | |||
|Squats to pick up toy | |||
Kneels properly | |||
Pushes ball with foot Throws a ball | |||
|Primitive tripod grasp or midshaft palmar grasp | |||
To and fro scribbles and dots | |||
|- | |||
|2 years | |||
|Runs, stops and starts with ease and avoids objects | |||
|Upstairs with 2 feet a step | |||
Downstairs - holding on | |||
Can jump off a step | |||
|Kicks a large ball | |||
Throws a small ball overhand in a definite direction | |||
|Holds a pencil near tip with thumb and 2 fingers | |||
Circular scribbles, to and fro scribble and dots, vertical lines | |||
Builds a tower of 6 to 7 cubes | |||
|- | |||
|3 years | |||
|Stands momentarily on 1 foot | |||
Obstacles whilst running | |||
Walks forwards, backwards and sideways | |||
Can ride pedal cycle bike and turn wide corners | |||
|Upstairs with alternating feet | |||
Downstairs with 2 feet to one step | |||
Rises from kneeling without using hands | |||
|Throws ball overhead | |||
Can catch a large ball on or between extended arms | |||
Kicks ball forcibly | |||
|Pencil skill tripod grasp with good control | |||
Imitates cross and copies circle | |||
Draws a man with head plus 1 or 2 indications of features | |||
Cuts with scissors | |||
Threads large beads | |||
|- | |||
|4 years | |||
|Running is more controlled; can start, stop, and turn | |||
Turns somersaults | |||
Hops on one foot | |||
Gallops | |||
Can brush teeth | |||
Can skip (without rope) | |||
|Combs hair | |||
Can wash and dress with little assistance | |||
|Can easily catch, throw, and bounce a ball | |||
|Copies crosses and squares | |||
Prints some letters | |||
Uses table utensils skillfully | |||
Cuts on a line | |||
|- | |||
|5 years | |||
|Runs in an adult manner | |||
Walks on tiptoe | |||
Broad jumps | |||
Walks on a balance beam | |||
Skates and jumps rope | |||
|Laces (but cannot tie) shoes | |||
|Developing ability to throw a ball against a wall and catch it again | |||
|Hand preference is established | |||
Grasps pencil like an adult | |||
Colours within lines | |||
Cuts and pastes simple shapes | |||
Writes name | |||
Draws a detailed person | |||
Matches most colours Understands numbers | |||
|- | |||
|6 years | |||
|Learns to skip with rope | |||
Knows right from left and number of fingers | |||
Stands on one leg for 20 seconds (bilaterally) | |||
|Ties shoe laces | |||
|Specific sporting ability becomes more obvious | |||
|Draws with precision and to detail | |||
Developing reading skills well | |||
May write independently Copies a diamond | |||
|} | |||
[[Category:Physioplus Content]] | |||
[[Category:Course Pages]] | |||
[[Category:Paediatrics]] |
Revision as of 01:26, 2 August 2021
Top Contributors - Jess Bell, Wanda van Niekerk, Tarina van der Stockt, Kim Jackson, Aminat Abolade, Cindy John-Chu and Olajumoke Ogunleye
Introduction[edit | edit source]
There are a range of assessment tools to both quickly screen and assess children in more detail. These assessments will highlight if a child has a specific developmental difficulty that may affect their school and sports readiness.
PhysiFun Checklist[edit | edit source]
The PhysiFun checklist has been developed to highlight to the teacher / therapist if a particular student needs help with any activity. It is also a useful feedback tool for parents. See Table 1.
Age | Walking | Stairs | Ball Skills | Fine Motor |
---|---|---|---|---|
15 months | Walks alone, arms up, feet wide
Starts voluntarily Falls, bumps into things |
All fours upstairs
Creeps backwards down |
Kneels with support | Pincer grasp of small objects
Palmar grasp of crayon To and fro scribbles Builds tower of 2 cubes after demonstration |
18 months | Walks feet slightly apart
Stops voluntarily Starts to jump Can walk backwards for a few steps |
Upstairs with one hand held
Creeps backward down Climbs to stand on chair |
Squats to pick up toy
Kneels properly Pushes ball with foot Throws a ball |
Primitive tripod grasp or midshaft palmar grasp
To and fro scribbles and dots |
2 years | Runs, stops and starts with ease and avoids objects | Upstairs with 2 feet a step
Downstairs - holding on Can jump off a step |
Kicks a large ball
Throws a small ball overhand in a definite direction |
Holds a pencil near tip with thumb and 2 fingers
Circular scribbles, to and fro scribble and dots, vertical lines Builds a tower of 6 to 7 cubes |
3 years | Stands momentarily on 1 foot
Obstacles whilst running Walks forwards, backwards and sideways Can ride pedal cycle bike and turn wide corners |
Upstairs with alternating feet
Downstairs with 2 feet to one step Rises from kneeling without using hands |
Throws ball overhead
Can catch a large ball on or between extended arms Kicks ball forcibly |
Pencil skill tripod grasp with good control
Imitates cross and copies circle Draws a man with head plus 1 or 2 indications of features Cuts with scissors Threads large beads |
4 years | Running is more controlled; can start, stop, and turn
Turns somersaults Hops on one foot Gallops Can brush teeth Can skip (without rope) |
Combs hair
Can wash and dress with little assistance |
Can easily catch, throw, and bounce a ball | Copies crosses and squares
Prints some letters Uses table utensils skillfully Cuts on a line |
5 years | Runs in an adult manner
Walks on tiptoe Broad jumps Walks on a balance beam Skates and jumps rope |
Laces (but cannot tie) shoes | Developing ability to throw a ball against a wall and catch it again | Hand preference is established
Grasps pencil like an adult Colours within lines Cuts and pastes simple shapes Writes name Draws a detailed person Matches most colours Understands numbers |
6 years | Learns to skip with rope
Knows right from left and number of fingers Stands on one leg for 20 seconds (bilaterally) |
Ties shoe laces | Specific sporting ability becomes more obvious | Draws with precision and to detail
Developing reading skills well May write independently Copies a diamond |