Motor Control and Learning: Difference between revisions
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== Motor Learning == | == Motor Learning == | ||
=== Definition === | === Definition === | ||
=== Theories of Motor Learning === | === Theories of Motor Learning === | ||
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| '''MOTOR LEARNING THEORY ''' | | '''MOTOR LEARNING THEORY ''' | ||
| '''AUTHOR''' | | '''AUTHOR''' | ||
| '''DATE''' | | '''DATE''' | ||
| '''PREMISE''' | | '''PREMISE''' | ||
| '''CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS''' | | '''CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS''' | ||
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| valign="top" | Adams Closed Loop Theory | | valign="top" | Adams Closed Loop Theory | ||
| align="center" valign="top" | Adams | | align="center" valign="top" | Adams | ||
| align="center" valign="top" | 1971 | | align="center" valign="top" | 1971 | ||
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*Closed Loop - Sensory feedback is used for the ongoing production of skilled movement | *Closed Loop - Sensory feedback is used for the ongoing production of skilled movement | ||
*Slow movements | *Slow movements | ||
*Relies on sensory feedback (Sherrington) | *Relies on sensory feedback (Sherrington) | ||
*Blocked Practice | *Blocked Practice | ||
*Errors = Bad! Needs to be accurate! | *Errors = Bad! Needs to be accurate! | ||
*Memory Trace - Initiation of movement | *Memory Trace - Initiation of movement | ||
*Perceptual Trace - Built up over a period of practice & is the reference of correctness. | *Perceptual Trace - Built up over a period of practice & is the reference of correctness. | ||
*Improvements = Increased capability of performer to use the reference in closed loop | *Improvements = Increased capability of performer to use the reference in closed loop | ||
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*Perform same exact mvmt repeatedly to one accurate end point | *Perform same exact mvmt repeatedly to one accurate end point | ||
*Increase Practice → Increase Learning | *Increase Practice → Increase Learning | ||
*Errors produced during learning → Increase strength of incorrect perceptual trace | *Errors produced during learning → Increase strength of incorrect perceptual trace | ||
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| valign="top" | Schmidt's Schema Theory | | valign="top" | Schmidt's Schema Theory | ||
| valign="top" align="center" | Schmidt | | valign="top" align="center" | Schmidt | ||
| align="center" valign="top" | 1975 | | align="center" valign="top" | 1975 | ||
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*Open Loop | *Open Loop | ||
*Schema - Abstract memory representation for events → RULE | *Schema - Abstract memory representation for events → RULE | ||
*Generalized Motor Program - Rules that allow for the generation of novel movements | *Generalized Motor Program - Rules that allow for the generation of novel movements | ||
*Rapid, ballistic movements = recall memory withmotor programs and parameters to carry out movement without peripheral feedback | *Rapid, ballistic movements = recall memory withmotor programs and parameters to carry out movement without peripheral feedback | ||
*Variability of Practice → Improve Motor Learning | *Variability of Practice → Improve Motor Learning | ||
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*Optimal Learning → Task practiced under many different conditions | *Optimal Learning → Task practiced under many different conditions | ||
*Positive benefits for error production (learn from own mistakes) | *Positive benefits for error production (learn from own mistakes) | ||
*Schema has rules for all stored elements, not just correct elements | *Schema has rules for all stored elements, not just correct elements | ||
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| valign="top" | Ecological Theory | | valign="top" | Ecological Theory | ||
| valign="top" align="center" | Newell | | valign="top" align="center" | Newell | ||
| valign="top" | 1991 | | valign="top" | 1991 | ||
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*Based on Systems & Ecological Motor Control Theories | *Based on Systems & Ecological Motor Control Theories | ||
*Motor Learnining = Increases coordination between perception and action thru task & environmental constraints. | *Motor Learnining = Increases coordination between perception and action thru task & environmental constraints. | ||
*Perceptual-motor workspace - Identifies mvmts and perceptual cues most relevant to performance of task | *Perceptual-motor workspace - Identifies mvmts and perceptual cues most relevant to performance of task | ||
*Optimal task-relevant mapping of perception & action → NO Rules! | *Optimal task-relevant mapping of perception & action → NO Rules! | ||
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=== Recent Related Research (from Pubmed) === | |||
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== Resources == | == Resources == |
Revision as of 10:02, 11 March 2016
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Motor Control[edit | edit source]
Definition[edit | edit source]
Theories of Motor Control [edit | edit source]
MOTOR CONTROL THEORY | AUTHOR | DATE | PREMISE | CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS |
Reflex Theory | Sherrington | 1906 |
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Dynamical Systems Theory |
Bernstein Turvey Kelso & Tuller Thelen |
1967 1977 1984 1987 |
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Hierarchical Theories | Adams | 1971 |
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Motor Program Theory | Schmidt | 1976 |
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Ecological Theories | Gibson & Pick | 2000 |
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Systems Model | Shumway-Cook | 2007 |
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Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
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Motor Learning[edit | edit source]
Definition[edit | edit source]
Theories of Motor Learning [edit | edit source]
MOTOR LEARNING THEORY | AUTHOR | DATE | PREMISE | CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS |
Adams Closed Loop Theory | Adams | 1971 |
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Schmidt's Schema Theory | Schmidt | 1975 |
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Ecological Theory | Newell | 1991 |
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Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
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Resources[edit | edit source]
Presentations[edit | edit source]
- Motor Learning. Presentation by Dr. Duane "Spike" Millslagle, Associate Professor Exercise Science, University of Minnesota
http://www.d.umn.edu/~dmillsla/courses/motorlearning/documents/Chapter04.pdf - Essential Concepts of Motor Control & Learning: Presentation by DM McKeough.
http://slideplayer.com/slide/1498230/
Podcasts[edit | edit source]
Video[edit | edit source]