Hypokalemia: Difference between revisions
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== Medications <br> == | == Medications <br> == | ||
In order to correct Hypokalemia, potassium supplements can be administered orally or intervenously.<references /> | In order to correct Hypokalemia, potassium supplements can be administered orally or intervenously.<references />/2 Oral preparations of potassium include 8m Eq KCl slow release tablets, 20 mEq KClelixir, 20 mEq KCl powder, 25mEq KCl tablet.<references />/3 | ||
== Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values == | == Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values == |
Revision as of 20:37, 1 April 2013
Original Editors - Kara Lawless from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.
Lead Editors - Your name will be added here if you are a lead editor on this page. Read more.
Definition/Description
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Prevalence
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Hypokalemia is more common in hospitalized patients, up to 15%, as a result of other pathologies. While only 3% of the outpatient population is found to have Hypokalemia. No difference has been shown between gender and race.[1]
Characteristics/Clinical[edit | edit source]
An individual with Hypokalemis may exhibit signs of the following:
- Abnormal heart rhythyms
- Constipation
- Fatigue
- Muscle Damage
- Muscle Weakness or spasms
- Paralysis[2]
- Nausea and vomiting
- Polyuria, nocturia or polydipsia
- Altered mental status
- Signs of Ileus
- Hypotension
- Cardia arrest
- Bradycardia or Tachycardia
- Premature atrial or ventricular beats
- Hypoventilation/Respiratory distress
- Respiratory failure
- Lethargy
- Edema (Cushingoid appearance)[3]
Associated Co-morbidities[edit | edit source]
Hypokalemia may present as a result of:
- Chronic Kidney Failure
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis
- Diarrhea/Vomiting
- Excessive Sweating
- Excessive use of laxatives
- Prescription Diuretic Pills
- Primary Aldosteronism[4]
- Liddle Syndrome
- Cushing Syndrome
- Bartter Syndrome
- Fanconi Syndrome
- Bulimia
/2
- Eating large amounts of licorice, herbal teas or chewing tobacco
- Magnesium Deficiency
- Glue Sniffing
- Alcoholism (poor appetite and/or vomiting)
- Amphotericin B therapy
- Hypothermia/1
Medications
[edit | edit source]
In order to correct Hypokalemia, potassium supplements can be administered orally or intervenously./2 Oral preparations of potassium include 8m Eq KCl slow release tablets, 20 mEq KClelixir, 20 mEq KCl powder, 25mEq KCl tablet./3
Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values[edit | edit source]
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Etiology/Causes[edit | edit source]
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Systemic Involvement[edit | edit source]
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Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Alternative/Holistic Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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Case Reports/ Case Studies[edit | edit source]
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Resources
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Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
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