Piriformis Test: Difference between revisions
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== Recent Related Research (from [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ Pubmed]) == | == Recent Related Research (from [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ Pubmed]) == | ||
<div class="researchbox"><rss>http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/erss.cgi?rss_guid=1rOqyznlnfDtR32tUMzI_WyxQ9EgbnlJncvQKNCh2-JediwkL|charset=UTF-8|short|max=10</rss> </div> | <div class="researchbox"><rss>http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/erss.cgi?rss_guid=1rOqyznlnfDtR32tUMzI_WyxQ9EgbnlJncvQKNCh2-JediwkL|charset=UTF-8|short|max=10</rss> </div> | ||
== References<br> | == References<br> == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
#Flynn, T, Cleland, J, Whitman, J. '''<u>Users' Guide to the Musculoskeletal Examination</u>'''. (2008) pg 238 | #Flynn, T, Cleland, J, Whitman, J. '''<u>Users' Guide to the Musculoskeletal Examination</u>'''. (2008) pg 238 | ||
#Fishman, L, Dombi, G, Michaelson, C, Ringel, S. Piriformis syndrome: Diagnosis, treatment and outcome- a 10 year study. ''Arch Phys Med Rehabil ''2002; 83:295-301. | #Fishman, L, Dombi, G, Michaelson, C, Ringel, S. Piriformis syndrome: Diagnosis, treatment and outcome- a 10 year study. ''Arch Phys Med Rehabil ''2002; 83:295-301. | ||
#Fishman, L, Zybert, P. Electrophysiologic evidence of piriformis syndrome. ''Arch Phys Med Rehabil ''1992; 73:359-364. | #Fishman, L, Zybert, P. Electrophysiologic evidence of piriformis syndrome. ''Arch Phys Med Rehabil ''1992; 73:359-364. | ||
#Prentice, W.E. (2003) Arnheim's principles of athletic training: A competency based approach. 11th edition. McGraw-Hill Higher Education, New York. | |||
#David Magee. (2002) Orthopedic Physical Assessment. 2002. 4th edition. Published by WB Suanders. | |||
#↑ VENU AKUTHOTA & STANLEY A. HERRING (Editors), 2009, Nerve and vascular injuries in sports medicine, Springer, New York, 203p. | |||
#↑ SANDRA J. SHULTZ & PEGGY A. HOUGLUM & DAVID H. PERRIN, Third edition 2010, Examination of musculoskeletal injuries, Human Kinetics, Leeds, 698p. | |||
#↑ Londers J, Van Melkebeek J. Hip arthroscopy: outcome and patient satisfaction after 5 to 10 years. Acta Orthop Belg. 2OO7;73(4): 478-83 | |||
#↑ SCHUNCKE M, SCHULTE E, SCHUMACHER U, VOLL M, WESKER K. Derde oplage 2008, Anatomische atlas Prometheus algemene anatomie en bewegingsapparaat, Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, Houten, p543 | |||
#↑ CURTIS W. SLIPMAN, DERBY R, FREDERICK A. SIMEONE & TOM G, 2008, Interventional Spine: An algorithmic approach, Saunders, Philadelphia, 1454p. | |||
#↑ M. Lynn Palmer & Marcia E. EPLER, Second edition 1998, Fundamentals of Musculoskeletal Assessment Techniques,Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ,432p<br> | |||
[[Category:Vrije_Universiteit_Brussel_Project|Template:VUB]] [[Category:Articles]] [[Category:Assessment]] [[Category:EIM_Student_Project_1]] [[Category:Musculoskeletal/Orthopaedics]] [[Category:Hip]] [[Category:Special_Tests]] | [[Category:Vrije_Universiteit_Brussel_Project|Template:VUB]] [[Category:Articles]] [[Category:Assessment]] [[Category:EIM_Student_Project_1]] [[Category:Musculoskeletal/Orthopaedics]] [[Category:Hip]] [[Category:Special_Tests]] |
Revision as of 12:52, 31 December 2010
Original Editor - Anquain Sullivan, Frederik Topke
Lead Editors - Your name will be added here if you are a lead editor on this page. Read more.
Search Strategy[edit | edit source]
Database: Pubmed
Keywords: Piriformis test, FAIR test, piriformis syndrome
Database: Web of Knowledge
Keywords: Piriformis test, FAIR test
Definition/Description[edit | edit source]
The Piriformis test is a lower limb provocation test to evaluate the impact of the piriformis muscle on the sciatic nerve.
Clinically Relevant Anatomy[edit | edit source]
M.Piriformis is a flat muscle and is one of the deep lateral hip rotators. The origin is on the facies pelvina (anterior side) of the Os sacrum and has a insertion at the superior aspect of the trochanter major of the femur. The piriformis muscle is running over the top of the sciatic nerve. This muscle has the function of external rotation, abduction and extension in the hip and it is also important to stabilize the joint of the hip. And is innervate by the direct branches from the sacral plexus (L5-S2).
Sciatic nerve or also named as N. Ishiadicus ,passes behind the hip joint to the muscles lying underneath. Above the knee joint, the sciatic nerve splits into two branches: N. Tibialis and the N. Fibularis communis. The sciatic nerve passes over or under the piriformis muscle but it is also possible that the sciatic nerve passes, partially or whole, trough the piriformis muscle. This depends from person to person.
Purpose
[edit | edit source]
The piriformis test is used to screen the piriformis muscle and to detect tightness or other discomforts of the sciatic nerve as it passes trought or under the Piriformis muscle. Because this is a muscle and neurological test.
Technique
[edit | edit source]
With the patient in side-lying with the involved side up the patient's involved leg is passively flexed, adducted, and internally rotated.
Positive test is when the patient reports pain reproduced at the region of the piriformis.
Key Research[edit | edit source]
add links and reviews of high quality evidence here (case studies should be added on new pages using the case study template)
A study was performed by Fishman et al. that determine the sensitivity and specificity of the piriformis test.
Sensitivity = .882 -LR = .14
Specificity = .832 +LR = 5.2
Resources
[edit | edit source]
add appropriate resources here
Clinical Bottom Line[edit | edit source]
add text here
Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
References
[edit | edit source]
- Flynn, T, Cleland, J, Whitman, J. Users' Guide to the Musculoskeletal Examination. (2008) pg 238
- Fishman, L, Dombi, G, Michaelson, C, Ringel, S. Piriformis syndrome: Diagnosis, treatment and outcome- a 10 year study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2002; 83:295-301.
- Fishman, L, Zybert, P. Electrophysiologic evidence of piriformis syndrome. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1992; 73:359-364.
- Prentice, W.E. (2003) Arnheim's principles of athletic training: A competency based approach. 11th edition. McGraw-Hill Higher Education, New York.
- David Magee. (2002) Orthopedic Physical Assessment. 2002. 4th edition. Published by WB Suanders.
- ↑ VENU AKUTHOTA & STANLEY A. HERRING (Editors), 2009, Nerve and vascular injuries in sports medicine, Springer, New York, 203p.
- ↑ SANDRA J. SHULTZ & PEGGY A. HOUGLUM & DAVID H. PERRIN, Third edition 2010, Examination of musculoskeletal injuries, Human Kinetics, Leeds, 698p.
- ↑ Londers J, Van Melkebeek J. Hip arthroscopy: outcome and patient satisfaction after 5 to 10 years. Acta Orthop Belg. 2OO7;73(4): 478-83
- ↑ SCHUNCKE M, SCHULTE E, SCHUMACHER U, VOLL M, WESKER K. Derde oplage 2008, Anatomische atlas Prometheus algemene anatomie en bewegingsapparaat, Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, Houten, p543
- ↑ CURTIS W. SLIPMAN, DERBY R, FREDERICK A. SIMEONE & TOM G, 2008, Interventional Spine: An algorithmic approach, Saunders, Philadelphia, 1454p.
- ↑ M. Lynn Palmer & Marcia E. EPLER, Second edition 1998, Fundamentals of Musculoskeletal Assessment Techniques,Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ,432p