Patellar Fractures: Difference between revisions
Lise De Wael (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
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== Diagnostic Procedures == | == Diagnostic Procedures == | ||
Sometimes the edges of the fracture can be felt through the skin. Normally one would also look for hemarthrosis, this is the swelling deep inside the joint. But there isn't some kind of specific test to identify a patellar fracture. We always need an X-ray to confirm the diagnosis. The X-ray can show front and side views of the fracture. [2] | |||
== Outcome Measures == | == Outcome Measures == |
Revision as of 10:50, 30 December 2010
Original Editors - Lise De Wael
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Search Strategy[edit | edit source]
The first step of my search strategy was consulting the VUB library website. Then I searched the pubmed database typing the keywords: patellar, fractures and surgical treatment. When I clicked on free full texts, the amount of results was thirty five. After reading the titles of the articles I picked out a few based on the title words and what seemed interesting and read the abstracts. The following step was reading the full articles of which the abstract was interesting for my subject. Because I didn't find exactly what I hoped for I went back to pubmed for a second search. Now I typed the keywords: fractures, patellar, diagnostic procedures. And then I followed the same steps.
Definition/Description[edit | edit source]
There are three types of patellar fractures. The first type is caused by direct violence and is called comminuted. These type of fractures are usually associated with a blow or a fall on a flexed knee. The second type is caused by muscle violence and is called transverse. These type of fractures are usually associated with rupture of the lateral expansions at the level of fracture. And the third type are minor marginal fractures. Approximately 1% of all skeletal injuries are patellar fractures. Maybe there is even a forth type of patellar fracture, the overuse injury or the stress fracture, mostly seen with long distance runners, military recruits and patients with cerebralpalsy. [1,3]
Clinically Relevant Anatomy[edit | edit source]
The patella is the largest sesamoid bone in the body. It's a part of the articulatio patello-femoral. The patella has a triangular shape and on the anterior side of the patella we have: facies anterior, basis patellae and apex patellae. On the posterior side of the patella we have: facies articularis patellae, one lateral and one medial separated by a ridge. On the basis patellae is the insertion of the quadriceps tendon. On the apex patellae is the origin of the patellar ligament. The patella has the thickest articular cartilage of the body, the cartilage may be as thick as 1 cm. The patella is surrounded by several structures going from muscles to menisci. The two muscles that control the movement of the patella are the vastus medialis and the vastus lateralis. Then there are the ligaments, the cruciate ligaments and the two menisci. [6]
Epidemiology /Etiology[edit | edit source]
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Characteristics/Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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Diagnostic Procedures[edit | edit source]
Sometimes the edges of the fracture can be felt through the skin. Normally one would also look for hemarthrosis, this is the swelling deep inside the joint. But there isn't some kind of specific test to identify a patellar fracture. We always need an X-ray to confirm the diagnosis. The X-ray can show front and side views of the fracture. [2]
Outcome Measures[edit | edit source]
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Examination[edit | edit source]
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Medical Management
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Physical Therapy Management
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Key Research[edit | edit source]
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Resources
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Clinical Bottom Line[edit | edit source]
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Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
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