Epidemiology of Spinal Cord Injury

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Top Contributors - Naomi O'Reilly, Kim Jackson, Tarina van der Stockt, Rucha Gadgil and Jess Bell  

Introduction

Etiology

Spinal Cord injury can occur as a result of trauma (84%) and non-traumatic causes (16%). 

Traumatic

Motor Vehicle Accidents 36 - 48%

Falls 17 - 21%

Sport Injuries

Violence 5 - 29%

Self-harm

Work-related Accidents

Non-Traumatic

Congenital and Developmental	Spinal Dysraphism; Skeletal Malformations; Arnold Chiari Malformations; Diastematomyelia; Spina Bifida
Degenerative CNS Disorders	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Friedreich’s Ataxia; Hereditary Spastic Paraperesis; Infantile Neuroaxonal Dystrophy; Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease; Canavan’s Disease; Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Genetic and Metabolic	Glutathione; Methylcrotonylglycinuria; Gangliosidosis; Myelin Protein Zero; Adrenomyeloneuropathy; Abetalipoproteinaemia; Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Infectious	Viral Herpes Simplex Virus; Varicella-Zoster Virus; Cytomegalovirus; Human T Cell Leukaemia Virus-1; HIV; Polio	Bacterial Pott’s Disease; Mycobacterium App	Fungal Cryptococcus Spp	Parasitic Toxoplasma Gondii; Schistostoma Mansoni
Inflammatory	Multiple Sclerosis; Transverse Myelitis
Ischemic	Arterial vs Venous Aortic Dissection; Cardiac Arrest; Systemic Hypotension; Atherosclerosis; Thrombosis; Embolism; Iiatrogenic (Aortic Repair); Arteriovenous Malformations
Rheumatological	Spondylolysis; Stenosis; Disc Disease; Paget’s Disease; Rheumatoid Arthritis; Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Ossification
Toxic	Methotrexate; Cytosine Arabinoside; Radiation
Tumors	Primary; Metastatic; Intramedullary; Extramedullary

Incidence

Prevalence

Resources

References