Articularis Genu Muscle

Original Editor - Seba Mamdouh

Top Contributors - Seba Mamdouh and Kim Jackson

Description

anatomy for articularis genu muscle

Articularis genu it is a very small muscle considered as a fifth head of Quadriceps muscle that lie deep vastus intermedius muscle and founded that it has an important mechanical role during knee movement.

Origin

Distal femur deep to vastus intermedius.

Insertion

Suprapatellar bursa and the joint capsule.

Nerve

Medial deep division of femoral nerve (L2-L4).

Artery

Lateral femoral circumflex artery.

Function

1. Elevate supraspinatus bursa during knee extension.
2. Prevent synovial membrane impingement between femur and patella.

Clinical relevance

This muscle is so important during knee flexion and extension,as when knee extended it pull suprapatellar bursa up so it prevent it is impingement between femur and tibia so if these muscle didn't work that causes suprapatellar bursitis which is painful condition occured during knee movement,Bursitis mean inflammation or swelling in bursa

Assessment

suprapatellar bursitis

[1]knee injection

Acute Bursitis may be due to trauma,infection and crystalloin joint disease and this patient present with erythema,warmth and tenderness with palpation and may affect ROM secondary to discomfort.On the other hand chronic bursitis occured due to diabetes or chronic steroid use and may be repetetive load from hobby or occupation ,chronic bursitis is often painless,Imaging may be useful adjacent history and physical examination like X-ray important in acute cases produced from fracture ,US used to differantiate between inflamed bursa and cellulitis and MRI used for differantial diagnosis.

Treatment

Bursitis may be treated conservatively using(ice,rest,activity modification,NSAIDs and aspiration)most cases respond to this treatment especially acute cases.on the other hand chronic cases benefit from corticosteroids injection.If conservative treatment failed it is recommended to use incision and drainage that recommended in traumatic and septic cases

Resources

1-Grob K, Gilbey H, Manestar M, Ackland T, Kuster MS. The anatomy of the articularis genus muscle and its relation to the extensor apparatus of the knee. JBJS Open Access. 2017 Dec 12;2(4).↵↵BibTeXEndNoteRefManRefWorks

2-Rishor-Olney CR, Pozun A. Prepatellar Bursitis. InStatPearls [Internet] 2022 Mar 3. StatPearls Publishing.

3-Williams CH, Jamal Z, Sternard BT. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Jul 24, 2022. Bursitis. [PubMed]

4-Stell IM. Management of acute bursitis: outcome study of a structured approach. J R Soc Med. 1999 Oct;92(10):516-21. [PMC free article] [PubMed]

5-Lormeau C, Cormier G, Sigaux J, Arvieux C, Semerano L. Management of septic bursitis. Joint Bone Spine. 2019 Oct;86(5):583-588. [PubMed]